新能源汽车永磁电机故障诊断与维修

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中图分类号：U463.645 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-8639（2025）10-0168-03

【Abstract】As a core component of the power system，the operational reliability of the drive motor of new energy vehiclesdirectlydeterminestheoverallperformanceof thevehicleanddrivingsafety.Forthecurent mainstreampermanent magnetsynchronous motors，thisarticledeeplyanalyzes the evolution mechanisms of three typical faults thatoccur frequentlyundercomplex workingconditions，namelyelectricaldeterioration，mechanicaldamage，andthermal management failure. It focuses on constructing a comprehensive diagnostic system that integrates multi-soure signal analysis （including curentwaveformdistortion，bationspctrumcharacteristics，ndifraedtheralimageetectio）.Anddistilltepise maintenance technology paradigmbasedonengineering practice.The verificationthrough typicalfaultcases shows thatthis technical solution can efectively locatecomplex faults such as thermal demagnetizationof permanentmagnetsand piting corrosion of bearings，increasing the accuracy of fault identification to over 95 % ，and providing systematic and practical technical support for the front-line maintenance work of drive motors in new energy vehicles.

【Key words】new energy vehicles；permanent magnet synchronous motor;fault diagnosis；vibration analysis; thermal management

0 引言

新能源汽车已成为优化交通能源结构的核心方向，其驱动电机作为关键动力单元，直接决定整车运行可靠性。（剩余4118字）