秸秆深旋耕还田提高稻麦轮作系统埋茬效果和作物发育

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中图分类号：S222.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2026）03-0260-08

Abstract：Themeasurereturningallstrawtothefield，whichis widelyadoptedinthe middeandlowerreachestheYangtze Riverin China，hasshortcomings，suchasmultipleoperating procedures，low eficiency，and poor straw incorporationeffects. Thearea hasserious surplus ricestraw under therice wheat double-cropping system.Hence，determining howthequality strawincorporationwithinthelimitedtilageandsowing periodwheat whileobtainingthedesiredcropyieldandeconomic benefitscanbeensuredhasbeenthefocusconsiderableatentioninthisregion.Inthisstudy，atwo-seasonfieldcultivation experimentwasconductedtocomparethebenefitsthetraditionaltwicerotarytilageandstrawincorporation（TTtreatment）， plowing + tillge andstraw incorporation（PT treatment），and biaxial deeprotary tillage and straw incorporation（DT treatment）.Theresultsshowedthatcompared with theTTtreatment，thePTtreatmentwasbeneficial tostraw burial， increasing it by 6.44% to 7.03% （ P=0.05 ），and improving wheat yield by 16.5% to 18.1% （ P=0.05 ）and economic benefits by 1 794Yuan/hm2 . Compared with the TT treatment，the DT treatment increased the straw burial rate by 3.91% to 5.36% （204 1 P=0，05 ），reduced the soil bulk density before sowing，and increased crop yields by 18.9% to 38.1% （ P=0.05 ）．TheDT treatmentdemonstratedadvantagesintermsoperating proceduresandinput-output，improving thetotaleconomic benefits by 3378Yuan/hmcompared totheTTtreatment.Thisstudyprovides areferencefor the highqualitydevelopment the rice wheatrotationsystem，promoting theoptimizationand upgrading sup-porting straw incorporation machinery，and achieving high yields and efficiency in double-cropping agriculture.

Keywords：rice-wheat rotation；straw return；biaxial deep rotary tillage；straw burial effect；wheat growth

0 引言

作为世界上最大的粮食生产国，中国每年产生约6.5×108 t作物秸秆[1]。（剩余16313字）