油菜气吹式精量集排器设计与试验

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DOI：10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2026.03.022

中图分类号：S222.19 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2026）03-0157-12

Design and experiment of air-blowing precision centralized metering device for rapeseed

Wei Guoliang'，Ji Hua’，Wu Mengping'，Wang Lei²，Liao Qingxi³4

（1. Hubei Universityof Technology，Wuhan，430068，China;2. College of Engineering，Nanjing Agricultural

University，Nanjing，21o031，China;3. Colegeof Engineering，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan， 430070，China; 4. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River ， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Wuhan，43oo7o，China）

Abstract：Aimingattheproblemoflowseedingaccuracycausedbythedificultyinsedscleaningintraditional mechanicalrapeseedcolectionanddischargedevice，arapeseedair-blowingprecisioncolectionanddischargedevicewasdesigned to clear seeds through air blowing.A planting roler witha“semislope”shaped hole structuresuitableforairblownseed cleaning was proposed，andthestructural parametersofthetypeholeandplantingrolerwereanalyzedanddetermined.A mechanical modelof the planting processof therapesedair blownprecision metering devicewasconstructed，andthe planting processof the metering device was elucidated.Theresultsofthe bench singlefactortest showedthat when therotational speed range was 10 to 30r/min ，the filling height range was15 to 25mm ，and the cleaning wind speed range was 8.23 to 12.33m/s ，the seeding performance was better，and the seed damage rate was less than 0.3% .Byusing the Box Behnken Designresponsesurfaceoptimizationdesign method tooptimizethetarget，theoptimalfactorlevelcombination wasdeterminedas follows：clearing wind speed of 8.23m/s ， filling height of 19.78mm ， and seeding roller rotational speed of 29.34r/min .Under this parameter combination，the coefficient of variation forrow displacement consistency was 4.48% ，and the coefficient of variation for seeding uniformity was 5.12% .Under the optimal parameter combination，the coefficient of variationof rapeseed sowing uniformity was measured to be 11.97% infield experiments，with an average planting density of 47 to 62 plants/ m2 ，meeting the requirements for precision sowing of rapeseed.

Keywords：rapeseed;air blowing；precision sowing；collection and discharge device

0 引言

油菜是我国主要油料作物和植物蛋白、植物油脂的重要来源，近年来，随着油菜多功能开发运用，油菜产业发展潜力巨大，其兼具饲料，绿肥，蔬菜，能源，旅游，蜜源等多方面的价值[3]。（剩余18630字）