气相换热器壳程振动特性分析与结构优化

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中图分类号：S237 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2025）08-0265-08

Abstract：Inviewofthe problems such aspoor stabilitycaused byshellsidevibration during theoperationof shell and tubeheatexchangers，thevibrationcharacteristicsof shellsideareanalyzed，andthestructureof theequipmentis optimized with the goal of improving theloworder natural frequency.ANSYSWorkbench was used toconduct vibration dynamic analysisand structural optimizationof the working state of the shellsideof the heat exchanger.The first6 modal vibrationmodesandnaturalfrequenciesoftheshellsideoftheheatexchangerweredeterminedbymodalanalysis，andthe acceleration curves of 5 vibration measurement points were verified bybench test，soas to determine the frequencyrange prone toresonance.The vibration mechanicsmodel is established，theaccuracyof the simulation model is verifiedby JM1811wirelessgateway，andtheoptimizationschemeofthestructureof the machineis proposed.Theresults showthat therelative error between the simulation results and the actual vibration test data is 6.16% .The shell partofthe heat exchangeris themainreasonfortheseverevibrationof themachine，andtheoverallvibrationamplitudeishigherthan that under no-load condition. The measured vibration frequency is 72Hz ，which is close to the second natural frequency range of the machine.Orthogonal test was used to optimize the mechanism，and the optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows：the shell path thickness was 10mm ，the shell path diameter was 630mm ，and the installation distance of the damper was 1700mm .After optimization，the first two natural frequencies of the tool are increased to 47.60Hz and （204号 82.13Hz .The vibration test results show that the vibration amplitude of the shelldevice （measuring point 3） is decreased by 18.5% under no-loadcondition，thevibrationamplitudeof thejointof the twodevices（measuring point 5）isdecreased by 14.0% ，and the vibration amplitude of the shell device （measuring point 3） is decreased by 15.1% under loading condition.Theresearchresultscanprovideatheoreticalbasis forthe studyof shel-sidevibrationreductionmeasuresof shell and tube heat exchangers.

Keywords：shel-and-tube heat exchanger；modal analysis；structure optimization；vibration characteristics

0 引言

壳管式换热器是一种易于制造、设计简单、价格合理的换热设备，被广泛应用于石油化工、化工和炼油行业。（剩余11607字）