基于MQTT协议的肥液参数远程监测系统设计与实现

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中图分类号： S24 ；TP29 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2025）07-0097-07

Abstract：Integratewater-fertilizer technologyisacrucial methodforconserving water，reducing fertilizeruse，and minimizing ecological pollution. Among its core challenges，the precise detection of fertilizer liquid EC and pH value，along with the stable remote transmissionof these parameters，are keyareasofresearch in the developmentof water-fertilizer integrationequipment.Thisstudy focusedontheappiedresearchofaccuratelymonitoringfertilizer solution parameters in water-fertilizer integrationsystems.Itcarefullyconsidered the detection range andresolutionof voltage signals，and designedahighprecision voltage detectioncircuittoconvert，divide，folow，andfiltertheraw signals output by the fertilizer sensors.After the high-precision voltage detection circuit，the processed EC and pH sensor signals werethen input into thecontroller’s high-speed ADC module for dual synchronous rule sampling.This enabled the realtime conversion of analog signals to digital signal，and synchronized acquisition of EC and pH values. To balance signal filtering withreal-timeresponsiveness，anappropriate filterlength was selected toimplementasliding average filteron thedigital signal，efectively eliminating cyclicand high-frequency random noise and ensuring theaccuracy of ADC samplingresults.Theintegration of high-precision hardware voltage detectionandan eficient sensordata processing algorithm enabled accurate detection of fertilizer solution EC and pH values. The processed data， standardized in JSON format by thecontroller，were transmited via RS232 communication to a 4G DTU module，and thenremotelyuploadedtoa cloudplatformusing the MQTT protocol.Thisprovidedvaluable input foruser decision-making reference orcrop water-fertilizermodeling.Experimental validation demonstrated that the system achieved high-accuracyvoltage detection，supportedbyaflexible andefficientdata processngalgorithm.The average relative error of voltage measurement was only ，while remote communication was stable and reliable， with a data transmission and reception success rate of 99.88% ：

Keywords：waterandfertilizerintegration；remote monitoring；ferilizerparameters；dualADCsynchronoussampling；data filter

0 引言

水肥一体化是当今世界公认的一项高效节水节肥农业新技术，被誉为现代农业的“一号技术”，对提高水资源利用率、节约用肥、减少土壤酸化和水体环境污染意义重大[，是实现设施农业精准施肥的关键支撑，已在设施农业中广泛应用[2-5]。（剩余11533字）