浅析药物不良反应与临床合理用药

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Abstract：Objective：Tocolect and track adverse drug reaction reports forlyear，analyze the characteristics，rules and causes of adverse drug reactions （ADR），and provide basis for ADR monitoring and clinical rational drug use. Methods：Atotal of922 cases of adverse drug reactions （ADR）reported inacounty from November 2023 to October 2024 were selected as research data to analyze the occurrence characteristics and rules of gender，age，route of administration，drug types，clinical manifestations andother indicatorsofpatients.Results：Thereporttype was mainly "general”（718 cases， 77.87% ）.The reports were mainly from secondary medical institutions （683 cases，accounting for 74.08% .In terms of sex，the ratio of male to female was 0.61：1 .In terms of age，people with age ≥61 years old （344 cases， 37.31% ）accounted for the highest proportion.The most reports were caused by intravenous infusion （524 cases， 56.83% ）. In terms of drugs，the reports were mainly related to anti-infective drugs （292 cases，31.67）.In terms of organs involved，the digestive system wasmainly involved （295 cases， 32.00% ）.After treatment，918caseswere cured or improved （99.57%） . Conclusion： It is necessary to strengthen drug monitoring for special groups，standardize the useof intravenous injection，andpayattention totheoccurrence of ADR in patientsusinganti-infectivedrugs and cardiovascular drugs.Based on the results of this study，more atentionshould be paid to the occurrence of hiden ADR and the monitoring and management of ADR in medical institutions should be strengthened.

Keywords： adverse drug reaction; report; safe drug use

0 引言

国家药品不良反应监测中心年度报告[1-41显示，1999—2023年，全国药品不良反应网络监测累计收到药品不良反应/事件报告数量呈逐年上升的趋势，另外2021年、2022年、2023年新的和严重的ADR报告占比分别为 30.2% 、 30.4% 、 31.7% 和34.5% ，而2023年度的上升幅度尤为明显。（剩余4052字）