平菇菌渣生物炭的制备及对水中铅、镉离子的吸附效果

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关键词：平菇菌渣；生物炭；热解温度；重金属；铅；镉；水体；吸附

中图分类号：X712；X52 文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2025）08-0097-07

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.015

Preparation of biochar from spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrate and its adsorption effect on lead and cadmium ionsin water

CHEN Hua 1，2 ，CHANG Yu-hang1，ZHANG Jia-yil，LI Qiang1，2 （1.College of Life Sciences，Yulin University，Yulin 719ooo，Shaanxi，China; 2.ShaanxiKeyLaboratoryofEcologicalRestorationinNorthernShaaniMiningArea，Yulin79Oo，Shani，China）

Abstract：Toallviateenvironmentalpolutioncausedbytheaccmulationofagriculturalsolidwaste，spentPleurotusostreatussubstrate was used as raw material to prepare biochar at pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 3OO to 800 C . The biochars were characterizedusing SEM-EDS，BET，andFTRtechniques.Theresultsshowedthats thepyrolysistemperatureincreased，thepHofthebio charinitillyoseandtendeclined，teoutputcapacitydecreased，terboncotentincreasedhileteoxygencontentdased， and aromaticity was enhanced. When the pyrolysis temperature ranged from 300 to 750‰ ，the number of pores gradually increased and their arrangement became uniform as the pyrolysis temperature rose； however，at ，the porous structure collapsed，resultinginreducedspecificsurfaceareaandporevolume.Theintensityoffunctional groupvibrations weakenedathighertemperatures， and the CaCO3 content in biochar produced at 750‰ increased，promoting the precipitation of heavy metal ions.The results of heavy metal wastewater treatment by biochar prepared at 750‰ showed that the adsorption rate of Pb2+ and Cd 2+ reached 97.63% and （204 92.01% ，respectively，when the biochar dosage was 4g/L ，showing excellent adsorption performance.

Key Words：spentPleurotus ostreatus substrate;biochar;pyrolysis temperature；heavymetal;lead；cadmium;waterbody；adsorp tion

陕北地区位于毛乌沙漠边缘地带，拥有丰富的煤炭资源[]，然而，长时间的煤炭开采活动与自然环境的相互影响，造成了该地区矿区水质的持续恶化，水中部分重金属含量严重超标[2]，重金属废水未经妥善处理就被大量排人水环境，对当地生态系统的平衡和稳定造成了严重危害[3]。（剩余9229字）