芥菜类蔬菜收获关键技术研究及发展对策

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中图分类号：S225.92 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2025）12-0328-09

Abstract：As a unique type of vegetable in China，theoutput of mustard vegetables ranks the leading position in the world.Its harvestishighlydependentonmanuallabor，thehighcostof productionlaborandthedificultyof mechanized harvesting limit its large-scaledevelopment.Developed countriessuchasEuropeandthe United States haveadopted advanced mechanized systems to harvest all kinds of vegetables，but because of theunique growth characteristicsand harvestingrequirementsof mustardvegetables，thereisalackof specialized mechanizedsolutions.Thedevelopment trendsof thethree core harvesting equipment technologiesof mustardvegetable plucking，gripping transportation androot cuttingweresystematicallyanalyzed，andthe developmentstatusofvegetableharvestingmachineryindeveloped countries was summarized.It was pointedout that there were some problems in themechanized harvest of mustard vegetablesinChina，suchasthemismatch betweenagronomyandagricultural machinery，thedificultyof mechanical harvest，the highspecificity，the lack of basicresearchand the weak links.Itisproposed todeeplyintegrate agro-machineryand agronomy，strengthen basicresearch，achieve electromechanical gas-liquid integration，break through weak linksandshort-board technology，increase govermment leadership，and enhance financial support，soas to achieve highefciencyandlow-loss harvestingof mustardvegetablesand promotthedevelopmentofautomationandinteligence in harvesting machinery for mustard vegetables.

Keywords：mustardvegetables；harvesting machinery；extraction technique；clamping andconveying technology；root cutting technique

0 引言

芥菜是中国特产的蔬菜，种类繁多，栽培十分广泛，以长江流域以及西南地区分布为主。（剩余19476字）