大蒜机械化收获技术装备研发进展

打开文本图片集

中图分类号：S225 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2025）12-0312-09

Abstract：China ranks first inthe world ingarlic plantingarea，output and exportvolume，and is knownasthe“home of garlic.”However，the degree of mechanization in garlic harvesting remains below 10% .Garlicis harvested almost entirely byhand，makingthe process labor-intensive，costlyandcreatinganurgent demandfor specializedharvesting technologiesandequipment.Inothercountries，close integrationofagronomyand machineryhas produced highlyadapted equipment，whereas in Chinaonlydigging is partially mechanized；rootcuting and toppingarestillargelydone by hand. Dueto significant agronomic diferences，imported machinesoftenrequire substantialmodification before theycan beused efectively in China.This paper presentsacomprehensive review of thecurrent stateof garlicharvesting machinery research，bothdomesticallyand interationally.Itcovers multi-stageandcombined harvesting machinescommonlyused in theUnited States，Europeand Japan，and describessmall self-propeledgarlicharvesterswidelyused in China， highlighting representative modelsof domestic garliccombine harvesters.The analysis focuses on four key operations： digging，soil clearing，stem cuting androottrimming.Theunderlying principles，practical applicationsand recent global advances in thesetechnologies arediscussed.Domestic machinesareoften poorlyadapted，expensiveand proneto failure. Toaddresthese chalenges，China must developagarlic production systemthat aligns local agronomy with mechanization andoptimizemachineparameters forspecificregions.Suchefortsareessntial toadvance thenationallevelofmechanized garlic harvesting and to guide future innovation in the sector.

Keywords：garlic；harvest；mechanization；digging technology；root cutting technolog：

0 引言

大蒜营养丰富1]，用途广泛，具有抑菌、杀菌、抗癌等医疗作用[2]，国内外需求旺盛[3]。（剩余18751字）