燃料电池在航空动力领域的应用前景展望

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中图分类号：TM911.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-2945（2026）01-0183-07

Abstract：Thetechnicalcharacteristicsandrelatedclasificationsoffuelcellsarebrieflydescribed，theadvantagesand existingmaintechnicalproblemsoffuelcelsareelaboratedindetail，andacomparativestudyisconductedonfuelcels， secondarybateriesandheatengines.Fuelcellarealsocaled"fuelcellengines"insomedocuments.However，becausethe technicalcharacteristicsoffuelcelsarequitediferentfromthoseofheatengines，thepracticalapplicationoftheterfuelcel engine"isstillontroversial.Howeverduettheconceptandtehnicalcompositionthreisnoambiguitysofuelcellgine" canbeusedequallywith"fuelcell"onmanyocasions.Subsequentlyinordertosudytheapplicationprospectsoffuelcelsin thefieldofaerospacepower，theappicationstatusoffuelcell-poweredaircraftwassortedout，andtheapplicationoffuelcels inthefieldsofhybridelectricpropulsionsystems，auxiliarypowerunits（APUs）andUAVpowerwasanalyzedandstudied，and relevantconclusions weredrawn.Sincefuelcelscanotoutput high-temperaturegastotheoutsideworld，theycanonlybeused inconjunctionwithmotorsandpropellrs.Duetotheirlimitedpower，theirapplicationinthefieldoflargeaircraftpoweris corespondinglylimited.Atpresent，singlefuelcellpowerunitsaremostlyusedinUAVs，andcanbeusedinconjunctionwith solarcellsandsecondarybateressuchaslitium-onbateriestoachevelonghaultechnicalefects.Fuelcell，whenusedin APUs and hybrid electric propulsion systems，have good prospects.

Keywords：fuel cell UAV;electricaircraft;；aero engine;auxiliarypowerunit；hybridelectric propulsion;aircraft

1燃料电池的技术优势及分类

燃料电池是一类电化学发电设备，其分类见表1，优势主要体现在以下方面。（剩余9099字）