圆管淹没射流条件下冲坑三维形态演变特征

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中图分类号：TV135.23 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-2945（2025）31-0046-07

Abstract：Throughphysicalmodeltestsandusingsubmergedinclinedcircularpipejetconditions，the3Dmorphologyof scour pitsandthechangeswith theirscalesduring thescouringprocessofuniform dispersedsandbedswere measuredand compared.Theefectsofdifrentwaterflowveloitiesandwatercushiondepthsonthedepth，lengthandwidthofthe impingementpitswerestudied.Intheearlystageofformationofthescourpit，thescaleofthescourpitchangesmoreviolently. Theflowvelocityofwaterhasamoresignificantimpactonthescourpitstabilitytestrelativetothedepthofthewatercushion. Forthefinalscaleofthescourpitinthethreedirections，therelativedevelopmentspeedofthescourpitdepthandlengthis higherthanthatofthescourpitdepth.Basedonthetime-domainvariationlawofthescourpitscale，theautocorelationof depth，lengthandwidthduringtheformationofthescourpitisobtained.Withtheincreaseofthejetflowvelocityandthe decreaseofthe watercushion depth，thescour pit gradually develops fromawideandshallow shape toanarrowand deep scourpit.The3Dmorphologyofscourpitshasagraduallysignificantimpactonthedepthofthescourpit，andfeaturesthat inhibitthedevelopmentofthescourpitdepthappear.Thistestresultsprovideanexploratorystudyontheimpactof3D morphologyofscourpitsonjetscouringandscourpitformationandtherebyprovideareferenceformorescientifcanalysisand evaluation of water conservancy projects for energy dissipation.

Keywords： submerged jet; jet scouring; 3D morphology of scour pit; tube jet; experimental study

水利工程中泄流水力冲刷关乎工程运行的安危，国内外由于挑流建筑物设计不合理或者地质勘探不足等问题造成的下游冲刷情况时有发生，轻则在下游河道冲刷严重影响河道流态，重则甚至会出现崩岸、滑坡、溃坝等危及大坝安全的重大事故。（剩余7075字）