我国豇豆的质量安全状况及安全生产研究进展
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中图分类号：S643.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2025）10-009-09
Research progress on the quality and safety status and safety production of cowpea in China
LUO Junxia'， GUO Zhigang²， SHEN Zhanbin'，DUAN Lumei'， LI Yanzhen³， DOU Zhipei’， ZHNAG Qicheng4，ZHAO Jianbo4，SUHe'，JIELingjun4，LIU Yanmin4
（1.ZhengzhourouctQualitystingndistributionenterZengzou50o6，Henanhia;QiianAgriculturedual BureauQixiaai;KgtQaitstidistriontee5o; 4.ZhengzhoualentreZnn;ocal Station，Zhengzhou2，Hnan，ina）
Abstract：Inrecentyears，thequalityandsafetyofcowpeashasdrawnsignificantatention，primarilyduetocontamination isuesrelatedtopesticideresiduesand heavymetals.Intermsofpesticideresidues，thekeyrisk factorsafecting their qualityandsafety include theillegaluseofbannedorrestrictedpesticides，excessiveuseofconventional pesticides，and the coexistent of multipleresidues.Regarding heavy metals，traditional heavy metal elementsareone of the risk factors afectingtheirqualityandsafety，whileexcessvelyhighlevelsofbeneficial traceelements inthehumanbodycanalso ffecttheirqualityandsafety.Inordertocomprehensivelyimprove thequalityandsafetylevelofcowpea，itisessential toidentify the primarysourcesofvarious hazardsduring production，analyze theirkeycontrol points，and implement efective measures tomanagetheserisk factors.Throughanalysis，therelationship betweenthehalf-lifeof pesticideresidues incowpea anditsownmetabolicamount，as wellas the relationship between the growth durationofcowpea organs and theaccumulation of heavymetals，have been revealed.This suggests that during cowpea production，pesticides should be applied in a timely manner according to the occurrence patterns of pests and diseases，and precisely applied according to the half-lifeofpesticides within the planttocontrol pesticideresidues inthecowpea products.Furthermore， the selectionof production sites should be strengthened，and basedonthe detectionofheavy metals in productionsites， targeted selectionofcowpea varieties with low acumulationof heavymetals shouldbe made tocontrol heavy metal residues in cowpea products.
Key words： Cowpea; Heavy metal; Pesticide residue; Quality and safety
豇豆属于豇豆属一年生蔬菜[Vignaunguiculata（Linn.）Walp.]，是重要的豆科作物，在热带、亚热带及部分温带地区广泛种植，在我国也有悠久的种植历史。（剩余11153字）
