妊娠期糖尿病患者阴道感染与母婴不良结局的关系

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[Abstract]Objective：To investigate the relationship between vaginal infection and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes melitus （GDM）.Method： A retrospective analysis was conductedon 104 patients with GDM who delivered at Ruijin Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from May 2022 to November 2O24.Based on the presence vaginal infection before delivery，the patients were divided into the observation group （vaginal infection， n=41 ） and the control group （non-vaginal infection， n =63）. The baseline data，cesarean sectionrate，postpartum infection rate，neonatal birth weightandadverseoutcomes the two groups were collected.Result：The gestational weeks the observationgroup was shorterthan thatinthecontrol group，the levels glycated hemoglobin before delivery，the rate cesarean section，and the postpartum infection rate were higher than those in the control group （ P <0.05）. The birth weight newbornsin the observation group waslower than thatinthecontrol group，andtheincidences preterm birth，hypoglycemiaand hyperbilirubinemia were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05） .Conclusion：GDM patientswith vaginal infection before delivery havea higher rate cesareansectionand postpartum infection，and a higher incidence premature birth，hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia in newborns.Clinicaly，earlyscreening and management vaginal infections in patients with GDM should be strengthened to reduce the occurence adverse outcomes and ensure the health mothers and infants.

[Keywords] Gestational diabetesmellitus Vaginal infection Glycated hemoglobinPostpartum infection

First-author'saddress：Department Obstetrics，RuijinMaternaland Child Health Care Hospital. iijin 342500，

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2025.32.025

妊娠期糖尿病（gestationaldiabetesmellitus，GDM）是妊娠期常见的内分泌代谢性疾病，不仅会影响母体的健康，增加孕妇发生妊娠高血糖、产后肥胖及泌尿生殖系统感染的风险，还可能对胎儿产生不良影响，包括低体重儿、巨大儿、早产等，并可能导致新生儿出现低血糖、高胆红素血症等代谢紊乱[1-2]近年来，GDM患病率逐年上升，已经成为全球公共卫生问题[3]。（剩余5716字）