首次热性惊厥患儿的预后及其影响因素

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The Prognosis and Influencing Factors of Children with First Febrile Seizures/JIANG Ling，YANG Ruifen.//Medical InnovationofChina，2025，22（25）：167-171

[Abstract]Objective：To explore the prognosisand influencing factors of children with firstfebrile seizures. Method：Atotal of107children with first febrileseizuresadmitted to Xinyu People'sHospital from January 2020 to January 2O24 wereselected asthe research subjects.Clinical dataof thechildren were collctedand followed up continuouslyfor6months.The prognosisof thechildren was statisticallanalyzed，and multiplelogisticregresion analysis was used to identifythe relevant factors afecting the prognosis of children with first febrile seizures. Result： During a 6-month follow-up，27 casesout of 1O7 children with first febrile seizures had recurrent febrile seizure，3 cases had abnormal neurological development，and8 cases had secondary epilepsy.The incidence of poor prognosis was 35.51% （38/107）. Univariate analysis showed that in the poor prognosis group，the proportion of children with firstonset seizures at lessthan 12 months of age，complex febrile seizures，first seizures onset ⩾5 times，first onset seizure duration ⩾15 minutes，premature birth，family history of epilepsy，and abnormal electroencephalogramresults were allhigher than those in the good prognosis group，the diffrences were statistically significant （ P <0.05）.There were no statistically significant diferences in gender，temperature during onset， duration of fever before onset， mode of delivery，and cranial MRI results （ P >0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that complex febrile seizures （OR=4.721），first seizures onset ≥5 times （OR=4.263），family history of epilepsy （OR=4.860），and abnormal electroencephalogram results （OR=5.652） were risk factors affecting the prognosis of children with first febrile seizures （ P <0.05）. Conclusion： High risk factors for poor prognosis in children with firstfebrile seizures include complex febrile seizures，first seizures onset≥5 times，family history of epilepsy， and abnormal electroencephalogram results.Targeted protective measures should be strengthened to improve the prognosis of children.

热性惊厥是儿童时期常见的神经系统疾病，以突发性肌肉阵挛、强直性抽搐等为主要临床特征[-2]本病具有自限性，通常情况下无须治疗或经对症处理后患儿预后良好，然而仍有部分患儿易反复发作，甚至随病情持续进展而诱发癫痫，从而对患儿生活质量以及生长发育造成严重不利影响[3-4]。（剩余4837字）