麦秸猪粪添加对蔬菜废弃物堆肥过程的影响

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中图分类号：S641.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2025）07-172-10

Effects on the composting process of vegetable waste with adding wheat straw and pig manure

HAN Bing，HUO Lili， ZHAO Lixin， YAO Zonglu， FENG Jing， YU Jiadong， ZHANG Peizhen， LUO Juan （InstituteofEnvironmentandustainableevelopmentinAgriculturalinseAcademyofAgricuturaliences/Keybotorof Low-carbonGreenAgricultureinNorthChina，MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs，Beijingo，China）

Abstract：To solve theproblemofdificultcomposting due tolowcarbon nitrogenratioand poor structureofvegetable wastethatmakeitdifficulttocompostalone，thisstudyinvestigatedtheeffectsofaddingdiferentproportionsofwheat strawand pig manureonthe physicalandchemicalproperties，maturityand microbialcommunityoftomato seedlings composting.The experiment was setupwith threetreatmentsand the proportionsoftomatoseedlings，wheat strawand pig manure were3：1：3（T1），3：2：3（T2）and 3：3：3（T3）.The results showed that T1 and T2 above 50∘C lasted more than 10 days，and theproductsmet the harmlessstandardswithTvalue gtrsim0.6 ECvalue <4mS⋅cm-1 ，and GI> 80% ，but T3did not meetthe requirements.T1 showed obvious nitrogenretentionadvantage with the nitratecontentand total nitrogencontent were increased by 58.5% and 37.5% .The humus and the humus acid content of T1 increased by 30.1% and 46.1% ，respectively，comparedwiththe initialstageofcomposting.AndTandT2increasedtheabundanceofactinomyceteandfirmicute compared withT3，which promoted lignocellulosic degradation and humus formation during composting.Inconclusion，theoptimalmixingratiooffreshmassoftomatoseedlings，wheatstrawandpig manureis3：1：3.Thisratioshows the best composting effect，which ismore conducive to the maturityof materialsand the preservation of nutrients.

KeyWords：Vegetable waste;Aerobic composting;Wheat straw; Pig manure; Humification

随着我国农业产业结构调整和城乡居民生活水平的不断提高，我国蔬菜种植面积和产量均居于世界前列，为人们提供蔬菜产品的同时，也产生了大量的蔬菜废弃物，对生态环境造成了潜在风险。（剩余15660字）