马铃块茎物理力学特性试验研究

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中图分类号：S532 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-5553（2025）10-0236-06

Abstract：Inordertoinvestigatewhetherthephysicaland mechanical propertiesof potato tubersvariedwith diferent compression directions and compresson parts，an experimental study was conducted，providing atheoretical basis for the designof keymechanical componentsused inpotatoharvesting，sortingand transportation.Thisresearch alsosupported the developmentof simulation models foranalyzing tuber behaviorunder mechanical stress.QingshuNo.9potatoesat harvestmaturity were selected as theresearch object.Using the drainage method，their average density was determined to be 1.04×103kg/m3 ，while the drying method indicated a moisture content of 79% . An electronic universal testing machine wasemployed toassssthecompresive mechanical properties of the potatotubers in both axial andradial directions，aswellasacrossdiferent structural regions，namely the surface，central area，andthe entire tuber body. Tests were performed at loading speeds of 10mm/min ， 20mm/min and 30mm/min .The elastic modulus of the tubers was measured as 3.57MPa （axial）， 3.79MPa （radial）， 3.90MPa （surface）， 3.79MPa （central），and3.91MPa （whole tuber）. Corresponding shear modulus values were 1.17 MPa，1.22 MPa，1.25 MPa，1.18 MPa and 1.21MPa ， whilePoisson'sratios were calculatedasO.53，0.56，0.56，0.60andO.62，respectively.Statistical analysis results showed that the P values for samples tested in the axial and radial directions were O.279 2，O.2O35 and O.538 4， respectively，while those for the surface，central，and whole body wereO.83O3，O.0689andO.6846，respectively.As all values exceeded the significance threshold （ P>0.05 ），the differences were not statistically significant.Therefore，the results indicatedthatthe mechanical propertiesof potato tubers didnotsignificantlydiferbydirectionorposition.Hence， for engineeringand simulation purposes，potato tubers could bereasonably modeled as isotropic and homogeneous materials.

Keywords：potato；compression direction；compressionsite；physicaland mechanical characteristics；homogeneous material

0 引言

马铃薯是世界第四大粮食作物，具有营养丰富、产量高、环境适应能力强、维生素含量高等优点[12]。（剩余8488字）