运动性免疫机能低下的发生机制及二氢杨梅素对其的调节作用研究

【中图分类号】G804.32 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-2813（2025）16-0011-04

[Abstract] In order to deal with the problem of immune dysfunction caused by high-intensity exercise，the present study systematically explored the regulatory mechanism and intervention efect of dihydromyricetin （DHM） through literatureanalysis and experimental evidence integration.The results showed that prolonged high-intensity exercise leads to an imbalance in the neuroendocrine immune network，increased secretion of immunosuppresive substances （suchas glucocorticoidsandcatecholamines），accumulationofoxygen freeradicals，anddepletionofblood glucoseand glutamine，which inturn can cause immunecell dysfunction，exacerbationof inflammatory reactions，andoxidative stress damage. DHM can improve the above situation by regulating SIRT3/HIF-1 signaling pathway to promote macrophage polarization towards anti-inflammatory phenotype; It inhibits theactivityof NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors; It scavenges oxygen free radicals

and enhances antioxidant capacity to improve energy metabolism.Based on this，it is recommended that athletes supplement DHM inmoderation to alleviate exercise-induced immune suppression and oxidative damage，but the safety anddose-responseofitslong-termapplicationuseofDHMstillneed tobefurther verified.The present study provides a theoretical basis for theapplicationofDHM in exercise immunomodulation，andemphasizes the needto further explore the mechanismin combination with clinical trials.

[Keywords] Dihydromyricetin; Exercise-induced immune dysfunction; Immune function; Exercise immunology

基金项目：2024年广东省大学生创新创业训练计划（创新训练项目）（项目名称：二氢杨梅素对运动性免疫机能低下运动员干预作用的研究，项目编号：S202413684040）;2022—2023年广东省体育局科技创新和体育文化发展科研普通项目（项目名称：不同运动方式对肥胖儿童心血管危险因素影响的实验研究，项目编号：GDSS2022N027）。（剩余5039字）