食品快速检测中ELISA技术的应用现状与优化策略

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The Application Status and Optimization Strategies of ELISA Technology in Rapid Food Detection

JIANG Guigang （Xichang Food and Drug Rapid Inspection and Testing Station， Xichang 615ooo， China）

Abstract： Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） plays an important role in the field of rapid food detection due to its high sensitivitystrong specificity，and easyoperation.This article systematicallreviews the current application status ofELISA technology in the detection of food microorganisms，toxins，pesticide residues， and veterinary drug residues.It deeply analyzes the key problems it faces，including false positive/false negative results，limitations indetectionrange，unevenqualityofreagent kits，and insuffcient professionallevelofoperators. Targeted optimization strategies are proposed， including using phage display technology to enhance antibody specificity， integrating microfluidic and massspectrometry technology to expand detection range， establishingan ISO 13485 standardized production system，and constructing a“theory practice quality control"three inone training system，aiming to provide theoretical basis and technical path for improving the accuracyand applicabilityof ELISA technologyin food safetydetection.

Keywords： enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; technologyrapid food testing; microorganisms; toxin; quality control

食品安全是国家公共卫生工作的重点和热点议题，直接影响到公众健康和社会稳定。（剩余4753字）