钢轨打磨铁屑清理技术研究及装备研制

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中图分类号：U216 文献标志码：B doi：10.20213/j.cnki.tdcl.2025.02.022

Abstract：Based on ananalysis and studyof the physical characteristics and distribution state of iron filings， a cleaning method including the steps of sweping suction，magnetic suction，stripping，and washing is proposed in order to realize mechanized cleaning of iron filings on ballastless lines of high-speed railways. The ironfiling cleaning vehicle has been developed and manufactured following the technical research and verification of key cleaning devices， such as sweeping suction devices and magnetic suction devices，and combining with the overallperformance research of the whole vehicle and integration research and design of the vehicle body，power unit， bogie，electrical system，braking system，sweeping suction device，magnetic suction device and water system.This iron filing cleaning vehicle uses a sweeping suction device to automaticaly clean and collect granular iron filings，and a magnetic suction device to automatically clean and collect block iron filings.The utilization of smal-flow，high-pressure water stripping technology and large-flow，low-pressure water washing technology facilitates the removal of iron filings from rail slabs and adhesive components such as rail web and fasteners. The sweeping suction device， magnetic suction device，and water system can be independently controled，and various combination modes can be adopted in accordance with diverse working conditions to achieve thorough removal of iron filings，thereby avoiding dust caused by the operation. This ensures the occupational health of workers and facilitates mechanized cleaning of iron filings. After the completion of the trial production of the prototype，relevant tests are carried out according to the inspection and test methods of large railway maintenance machinery and the research and test outline of iron filing cleaning performance. The results of the test indicate that the performance of the vehicle meets the general technical requirements of large railway maintenance machinery，and the iron filing cleaning performance meets the requirements of the test outline.

Key words：high-speed railway；rail grinding；ballastless line；iron filings； sweeping suction device; magnetic suction device

随着我国高铁线路里程不断增加、运量急剧增长，钢轨打磨作业频次剧增，打磨作业后遗留在轨道板上的铁屑清理问题进一步凸显，如不及时、高效清理，高速列车通过时，铁屑粉尘将被卷起，既污染环境，又严重影响列车运行安全。（剩余9929字）