高速动车组设备舱通风散热仿真研究

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中图分类号：U260.4 文献标志码：B doi：10. 20213/j. cnki. tdcl.2025.02.004

Abstract：The ventilation and heat dissipation performance of the equipment cabin under the high-speed EMU is crucialto the reliable and safe operation of the train.This paper establishes the simulation model of internal and external flow fields，including the carbody，bogie，equipment cabin andvarious electrical equipment in the cabin. Diferent methods such as boundary of fixed flow，rotating reference coordinate system model and momentum source model areused to calculate the ventilation volume of smallair volume equipment， centrifugal fan and axialfan，and constant outlet air temperature，walltemperature and heating power of heat exchanger heat source are used to calculate the temperature field. The numerical simulation calculations of three typical equipment cabin layouts under different train running speeds （ 250km/h ， 300km/h ， 350km/h ， and 400km/h ）and different ambient temperatures （ ， ）are completed，and the velocity field and temperature field distribution in typical areas of equipment cabins under different working conditions are comprehensively analyzed.Theresults indicate thatthe distribution trends of flow field and temperature field in the equipment cabin are similar under diffrent EMU running speeds.With the increase in train speed，the average temperature around the heat-generating device increases， and the maximum increase is about 2～3∘C ： Under the working condition that the ambient temperature is 40∘C ，the waste discharge device discharges the low-temperature airflow of 26～27°C in the passenger room into the equipment cabin，which is conducive to reducing the temperature in the equipment cabin. The waste discharge device can be arranged close to the heatgenerating device. High-power heat-generating devices such as traction systems use close air ducts to directly discharge high-temperature airflow from the equipment cabin，effectively avoiding the adverse efects of hightemperature exhaust airflow on the temperature of the equipment cabin.

Key words： high-speed EMU; equipment cabin;ventilation and heat dissipation;aerodynamics

我国高速铁路网的南北跨度大，列车运行区域的温差较大，运行里程较长，高速动车组设备舱内各类设备的性能会直接影响到列车的可靠安全运行，而设备舱通风散热性能的好坏又会直接影响到车下设备的工作状态和设备寿命[]。（剩余7874字）