“对等关税”政策对我国食用菌产业的潜在影响及应对策略

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中图分类号：S646 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2026）01-242-08

Abstract：The2025“equivalenttariff”policy implementedbytheTrumpadministrationhas intensified global protectionism，significantlyimpacting China’sagricultural tade，particularlyposingchallenging tothelow-profitandhigh-volume edible fungi industry.Basedonrevlevantdata from China’sedible mushroom industryandcustoms trade from2015 to 2024，this article systematicallanalyzes the potential impact ofthis policyon China’sedible mushroom industry chain and proposes countermeasures.The study findsthat，intermsofindustrialstructure，China'sedible mushroom production has continued to grow steadily，but its export dependency is low，with exports accounting for only 2% of total production. Interms ofexprot markets，theU.S.as the third-largest export marketfor China’sediblemushrooms，contributes less than 6% of total export value，reflecting a pattern of high-volume but low-profit pattern. Regionally， exports to the U.S. are concentrated in five provinces，including，Shandong，Fujian， which account for 74.86% of the total， indicating a high levelof egionalrisk.The directimpactofthe“equivalenttariff”policyon China’sedible mushroomindustry is manifestedinsoaringosts，ightenedbusinessisks，adeterioratingprofitabilityenvironmentduetomarketcontractionandsignificantamplification of policyshocks due to time constraints.The indirect impacts include supply chain disruptions，the compoundingofnon-tariffbariers，andaforced shifttowards thedomestic market.Intheshortterm，the industrymust strengthenboth domesticandinternational fronts.Inthemedium-to-long term，itshould focusonadaptive branding.For long-termviability，itmustleveragetechnologytobuildarobustediblefungi germplasm（seed）industry，thesector'score competitive component.

Key Words：Edible fungi; Equivalent tariff; Trade of agricultural products; Impact of policy

2025年2月，以“美国优先"为核心理念的特朗普2.0版关税政策启动。（剩余9499字）