采用ISSR评价东北地区不同滑菇栽培品种性状

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中图分类号： S646.1+6 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2026）01-134-07

Abstract：Toclarifythebiological characteristicsandgenetic backgroundofthemaincultivatedvarietiesof Pholiota nameko nNortheastChina，11commercialvarietieswereselectedforsystematicevaluationoftheiragronomicandgenetictraits throughmycelialmorphologyoservation，ISSRmolecularmarkeranalysis，ndagriculturalcultivationeperiments.The results showed that the 11P. nameko varieties exhibited good overall genetic diversity based on ISSR analysis， witha genetic similaritycoeficientof 0.74dividing theminto3clusters，among whichLuo2O23 formed an independent branch.Thefour varieties，Zaozhuang，Luo2O23，JihuaNo.landRihual99，performedoutstandinglyinvarious tests. Theyhad a fastmycelial growth rate（ ≥0.42cm⋅d-1） ，significant genetic differences，a short bag-full time（ ≤25 days），an early appearance time of mushroombuds（ ≤80 days），andahighyieldinthefirst two tides ≥290g⋅bag-1） .Moreover， the fruiting bodies have bright colors and strong resistance.In conclusion，these four varieties combine early-maturing， high-yielding，andenvironmentaladaptabilitytraits，makingthemsuitableaskeyearly-maturingvarieties foragricultural cultivation in the low-temperature and cold regions of Northeast China.

Keywords：Pholiota nameko;Cultivar comparison; ISSR marker;Yield

滑菇（Pholiotanameko）隶属球盖菇科（Stropha-riaceae）鳞伞属（Pholiota），口感独特，营养价值丰富，富含多种氨基酸、蛋白质及多糖等生物活性成分，不仅满足了消费者对美味食材的需求，也契合了现代健康饮食理念，是世界五大人工栽培的优质食用菌之一[1-3]。（剩余6992字）