低轨卫星捕获算法的优化与FPGA实现

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DOI：10.16652/j.issn.1004-373x.2026.01.004 引用格式：，，，等.低轨卫星捕获算法的优化与FPGA实现[J].现代电子技术，2026，49（1）：21-26.

关键词：低轨卫星；通导一体化；多普勒频偏；PMF-FFT；加窗；补零；可重构FFT；FPGA实现中图分类号：TN967.1-34 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-373X（2026）01-0021-06

Dptimization and FPGA implementation of LEO satellite capture algorithm

YANGHong1，YANGTianhao'，ZHENGBin²，ZENGLingxin²，MAZhuang²，TANHongtao²， ZHOUHaiyang³，LIYing³，LIMiao'，CHIOU-Fat³ （1.SchoolofEletronicSicendEngineing，ongigUniversityofostsdelecomuicatis，hoging，i; 2. China Star Network Application Co.，Ltd.， Chongqing 401120， China;

Abstract：TheLEO（lowearthorbit））satelitecommunication-navigation integrated systemintegrated withBDS（BeiDou navigatiosatelitesystem）canefectivelyimprovethenavigation-positioningandcommunicationcapabilitiesofChina’ssatelite system.However，thehig-speedmotionoftheLEOsateliteterminalleadstogreaterDopplerfrequencyofset，whichceases thedifcultyofsignalacqusition.Inodertocapturecommuicatio-navigationintegatedsignalsfastandccuratelispapr takesthesignalswithgreaterDopplerfrequencyofsetcausedbyhighdynamicsofLEOsatelitesastheresearchobject，and verfes theoptimizationefectofPMF-FFT（partialmatchedfiter-fastFouriertransform）algorithmcombinedwithzeropadding method and windowing method bythe Matlab.The optimized structure can increase thecapture peak value by 64.7% . Then the traditionalPMF-FFTacquisitionalgorithmisoptimizedbydeterminingthewindowfunctionandthenumberof zeropading.The FFTmoduleisimprovedtomakeitreconfigurabletoadapttothediferentnumberofzeros.Inthispaper，VerilogHDLisused toimplementtheoptimizedPMF-FFTalgorithm.Thecorrectnessandefectivenessoftheoptimizedalgorithmhavebeen confirmedbysimulation waveformandexperimentalresultsfrom Vivado.Tosumup，theproposedalgorithmhas moreadvantages in the field of UAV aerial object detection.It provides theoretical support for LEO satelite acquisition.

Keywords：LEO satelite;communication-navigationintegration；Doppler frequencyoffset；PMF-FFT;windowing；zero padding;reconfigurableFFT;FPGA implementation

0 引言

随着国内外低轨卫星技术的逐步兴起，由Starlink[1]、 OneWeb[2] 和Kuiper等企业牵头的低地球轨道（LEO）卫星网络的出现，正逐渐改变全球连接。（剩余7504字）