水稻矮化突变体相关基因的研究进展

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中图分类号 S336 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731（2025）18-0005-09

DO1号 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.18.002

Progressin the study of genesrelated to dwarfing mutants in rice

LEI Mao'an 1，2 QIU Jiajia²PAN Xiaohui²LIU Boquan1YANG Wenping1HE Wencheng1 LIANG Shuqun1 LIULiangcheng1LIU Jiaju1CAI Liuwen1SUN Wei² （ 1 Guangdong Huamao Gaoke Seed Co.，Ltd.，Maoming 52500o，China; （204号 2 College of Agriculture and Biology， Zhongkai Agricultural Engineering Collge， Guangzhou 510225， China）

AbstractThe genetic characteristics and types of rice dwarfism were systematicallyanalyzed，therole of plant hormones was examined inthisprocess，theidealplantarchitecturefordwarfbreeding was discussd，and prospects for futureresearch directions were provided.Rice plant height determined jointly bythe number and length of internodes， wasidentifiedasakeytrait afecting lodging resistanceandyield.Dwarfing mutants inrice types were diverse and could be classified inter-node shortening mode into categories such as d6 -typeand dm -type.Currently，plant height was categorized into tallsemi-dwarf，anddwarf basedonheight，though thedistinction betweensemi-dwarf and dwarf remained tobeclarified，reflecting thecomplexityof theunderlyinggenetic mechanisms.Dwarfism wasprimarily associated with deficiencies in the metabolism or signal transduction of 3 types of hormones：gibberelin （GA）， brassinosteroid（BR），andstrigolactone （SL）.Among these，GAandBRweredirectlyinvolved inregulatinginteode elongation，and mutations in theirrelated genes led todwarfism.Incontrast，SL synthetic gene mutations resulted in dwarfismalong with increased tillering.A total of 36 major dwarf genes（ sd1 ， d18 ，and etc.）had been cloned，providing importantgeneticresources for lodging-resistant breeding.The development of rice varietieswith high lodging resistance，yield potential，and suitabilityfor mechanized production hadbecomea majorobjective in modern breeding. Progressin rice dwarf breeding was expected to be effectively advanced through in-depth research on the gene function，genetic diversity，andkey gene networks of rice dwarfing mutants，combined with modern technologies such asgeneediting and phenomics.Thisreview providesareferencefor theselectionand improvementofrice varieties.

Keywordsrice; ideal plant type; mutant; dwarfing gene;hormonal regulation

株高是影响株型的主要因素之一。（剩余20754字）