美国消费品安全监管制度下的禁令概述及其借鉴

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Overview and Reference of Bans under the American Consumer Product Safety Regulatory System

ZHANG Haozhe1XIE Zhili2.3” YU Jianming1PENG Wanjun4LIN Danxia1

（1.Guangdong Testing Institute ofProduct Quality Supervision; 2.Defective Product RecallTechnicalCenter，StateAdministrationforMarketRegulation;3.KeyLaboratoryofProductDefectandSafety，State AdministrationforMarket Regulation;4.UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics）

Abstract：[Objective]This studyaims toanalyze the legal frameworkandoperational mechanisms of theU.S.Consumer Product Safety Commisson （CPSC） ban system，providing insights for optimizing China’sconsumer product safety regulatory framework.[Methods]By examiningthe legal basisof CPSCbans（Consumer Product Safety ActandFederal Hazardous Substances Act），enforcement procedures （federal regulatoryand congresional legislative pathways），and representativecases （e.g.thebanoninclined infantsleepproducts），thisstudydistilstheregulatorylogicandcorefeaturesof the CPSCbansystem.[Results]The CPSCbansystem ischaracterizedbyclearegalauthority，apreventiveregulatory focus， andscientifcallrigorous yetadaptable procedures.The division betweenlegislativebans （preemptiveriskmitigation）and judicial injunctions （emergency enforcement）ensuresbalancedrisk prevention andrapid response. [Conclusion] China should enhance its mandatorysafetystandardsandbanenforcement protocols，strengthenscientificriskasessmentmechanisms，and prioritize targeted interventions inhigh-risk sectors to improve regulatory efciencyand consumer protection.

Keywords：consumer products;CPsC;bans

0 引言

CPSC（Consumer Product SafetyCommission）是美国的一个联邦独立机构，主要负责保护消费者免受消费品带来的不合理伤害或死亡风险。（剩余6385字）