自然灾害下应急物资公平分配研究
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中图分类号：F251 文献标志码：A DOI： 10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2025.12.006
Abstract：Intheinitial stageof anaturaldisaster，eachdisaster-strickenarea hasanurgentneedforemergencysuplies，and theeficientandfairdistributionofemergencysupliesisofcucialimportance.Inthesuplydistributionproess，neighboring citiesorcountieswithclose proximitycanberegardedasemergencysupplydistributioncentersafterthedisaster，andtheexisting inventorysuppliescanbefairlyandtimelyaloatedtoeachdisaster-stricenarea.Aftertheoccurenceofadisaster，considering theavailablesupplytimeoftheexistinginventoryinthedisasterareaandthetotalnumberofpeopleinneedofsuplies，this papertakesthesupplyemergencydegreeasthe weightandconstructsanemergencysuplyfairdistributionmodelwiththe primaryandsecondaryobjectivesof maximizingtheweightedsupplydemandsatisfactionrateandminimizingthesupplyloading andshipping timerespectively.Throughcaseanalysis，itisconcludedthatthemodeltakesintoacountbothfairnessand effectiveessintesupplyalocationprocssInthiitialstageofanaturaldisaster，tesupplesinvriousregiosareificult tomeettheneedsofthe disastervictims.Eachdisasterareacanalsobealocatedacorrsponding proportionof emergency supplies，whichcanrelievethepressreofshort-termsupplyshortageinthemaindisaster-strickenareastoacertainextent and provide a guarantee for the subsequent emergency supply scheduling.
Key Words： emergency supplies; fair allocation; demand urgency; natural disasters; distribution centers
0引言
近年我国自然灾害事件频发，这些突发性自然灾害和公共卫生事件不仅对人们的生命安全产生威胁，也给人们的财产带来巨大损失，同时也对社会的稳定和经济发展产生影响。（剩余6057字）