果树-菌菇间种系统对病虫害综合抑制效应的研究

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中图分类号：S436 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-9902（2025）12-0027-05

Abstract：Toevaluate thecomprehensiveinhibitoryefectsofapple tree-mushroom intereroppingonmajorapplepestsand diseases，arandomizedblock designwasimplementedwith threetreatments：apple monoculture，aple-mushroomintercroping， andmushroommonoculture.Thestudymonitoredthediseaseindexofappleanthracnose，fruitinfestationrateoftheoriental fruit moth，andmoldcontaminationrateofmushrooms，whileanalyzingsoilphysicochemicalproperties，enzymeactivities，microbial communitycharacteristics，aswellasplantdisease-resistantenzymeactivtiesandfruitquality.Resultsdemonstratedthat intercropping significantly reduced the apple anthracnose disease index （by 39.9% ），oriental fruit moth infestation rate （by （20 40.9% ），and mushroom mold contamination rate（by 42.8% ）.Concurrently， soil organic matter and nutrient content increased， enzymeactiesimproved，microbialdiversityhancedandtherelativeabundnceofbenefcialmicroorganismsoseAle tresexhibitedheighteneddisease-resistantenzymeactivitiesandimprovedfruitquality.Thefindingsindicatethatapplemushroomintercropingffectivelysuppresesaplepestsanddiseases，enhancessoilhealthandcropquality，demonstrating significant potential for widespread adoption.

Keywords： fruit tree；mushroom; intercropping;disease and pest; soil environment

果树产业在全球农业中占据着重要地位，为人类提供丰富的营养和经济收益。（剩余6826字）