七曜历占文献所见“岁首”“五月五日”与“正月一日”考

——兼谈七曜历占传入中国的时间问题

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中图分类号：G256.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4106（2025）04-0109-08

A Study on the “Beginning of the Year” “May Fifth” and the “First Day of the First Month” in Documents Related to the Seven-Planet Divination Calendar

—Plus a Discussion of the Date at which the Seven-Planet Divination Calendar wasIntroduced to China

ZHOU LeijielWANG Jingbo1，2 （1.Institute of Dunhuang Studies，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 73oo2o， Gansu; 2. College ofHumanities，Hangzhou Normal University，Hangzhou 31oo12，Zhejiang）

Abstract：Astronomicalcalendarsareanimportantpartof theculturalandphilosophicalcommunicationbetween Chinese andWesterncivilizations.In medieval times，particularlyatthe beginning of theseventh centuryduring the lateSui and early Tangdynasties，theknowledge systemsthesecalendars embodiedmadetheirwayfromIndiaandIrantoChina，andevena faras

Japan.Among these methods of astrological interpretation，the Seven-Planet Calendarusedfordivination was byfarthe most widelyinfluential.Byconductingacomprehensive investigationofDunhuang manuscriptsrelated tothe Seven-PlanetCalendar andrelevanthistoricaldocuments，andbydifferentiatingbetweentheauspiciousandinauspiciousaugursmentionedineachtext forthedateslistedasthe"BeginningoftheYear，”“MayFifth”andthe“FirstDayoftheFirstMonth，”thisstudyhasconcluded thatdifferentveionsofthalendarappearedasasultofovrlylitealtranslatio，fre traslatio，andbasiclingusticfer ences duringthe processoftranslation.Theresultingphilosophiesofdivinationcanthusbedescribedasasynthesisofmulticultural factors that included concepts from both Chinese and foreigncivilizations.

Keywords：Dunhuangdocuments;Seven-PlanetCalendar;beginningoftheyear;Mayfifth;firstdayof thefirstmonth

自古以来，异质文明的交流交往就是人类社会发展的主题之一，交流互鉴是文明发展的本质要求，也是不同文明之间关系的历史态势。（剩余8534字）