高原训练对运动员身体机能影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Influence of Altitude Training on Athletes' Physical Function

RAN Qingzhi1，XU Yan²，HEBenxiang³ （1.Guang'anmen Hospital，China AcademyofChinese Medical Sciences，Beijing，10oo53，China; 2.Medical Experiment Center， Chengdu Medical College，Chengdu Sichuan， 61050o，China; 3.Sichuan Academyof Traditional Chinese Medicine，Chengdu Sichuan，61oo41，China.）

Abstract：Altitude training involvesexposing athletes to both physical exerciseand hypoxic conditions，aiming to enhanceathletic performanceby improving thebody'scapacity for oxygen transport and utilization，skeletal muscle metabolism，andcardiopulmonaryfunction.Whenconductedscientificallyandefectivelyaltitudetrainingcaninduce favorableadaptivechangesinphysical function.However，improper trainingmethodsmayleadtostructural or pathological damage to physiological systems.Thisarticle provides acomprehensivereviewof theeffectsof altitude trainingonthemorphology，structure，andphysiologicalandbiochemicalindicatorsofvariousbodysystems，oferinga reference forthe scientific applicationofaltitudetraining and the monitoringand evaluation of physical function.

Keywords：Altitude training;Physical function;Structure;Function

中图分类号：G804.2文献标识码：A

高原训练（Altitudetraining）是指定期组织运动员前往适宜海拔高度地区，进行有目的、有计划专项运动训练的一种方法[1]，主要是利用高原环境中缺氧低压状态及专项运动耐力训练两种刺激，在高海拔1000m-3000m 的高原氧气含量处于 19.96% 一14.18% 环境下，使运动员身体产生适应期的应激反应，提高抗缺氧能力[2]，激发运动员运动生理潜能，增强运动员运动表现能力。（剩余14145字）