新课标语境下“补偿性体能”的辨误与再定位
关键词：体能；补偿性体能；运动强度；体育中考；体育课；中图分类号：G807.01文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-0560（2025）04-0029-07DOI：10.12163/j. ssu. 20241252
Misidentification and Repositioning of “Compensatory Physical Fitness” in the Context of the New Curriculum Standard
GUO Jianghao，XIONG Wen （College of Physical Education and Health，East China Normal University，Shanghai 2OO241，China）
Abstract：In the context of the new curriculum standard，compensatory physical fitnesshas been introduced into school physicaleducationasanunoficialconcept，whichhascausedmanymisunderstandingandoperational erors，and has producedaseriesof negativeefectsonthedevelopmentofschoolphysical education，whichneeds tobeclarifiedand alleviated in time.Theresearch shows that：thecurrent compensatory physical fitness isnotanauthoritative concept by official confirmation，and from itsdefinition，there areproblemssuchassemantic inconsistency，expressonredundancy， lack of consistencyand duplicationof upper and lower concepts.In school physical practice，thecompensatoryphysical exercisehasformedfourindsofoperationalrors：healththeoryalancetheoryindependenttheoryandeaation theory，which arecharacterizedasfollows：mistakes in taking healthas the dominant goal of“improvement and development”of physical exercise，impropernessin pursuingtheaverage heartrate intensityandthe overalldevelopmentof physical quality，solationofphysical exercisefrom sportsskillteaching，andtheexcessvecorelationofhysicaleercise content with physical education insenior high schoolentranceexamination.Therelatederors can beatributed to the misunderstanding of health first，which includes the biased meaningof“first”and the pursuit of exercise intensity.Based onthe 3-dimensional analysis framework of the health pursuit，humanistic value and intrinsic regulation of school physical educatio，the introductionofcompensatoryphysical fitnessintoschool physical educationshould berepositioned：tobe waryof estoring the biologicalsportsconcept inthe nameofhealth，todistinguishand takeintoacount diferent exercise intensitytypes of physical education，and tobewareof the impropercorrelation betweencompensatoryphysical fitnesand physical education in senior high school entrance examination.
Key words： physical fitness;compensatoryphysical fitness;exercise intensity;physical education insenior high school entrance examination;physical education class;school physical education
《义务教育体育与健康课程标准（2022年版）》（以下简称《新课标》）将体能作为体育与健康课程的主要学习内容之一，强调“每节课应有10分钟左右体现多样性、补偿性、趣味性和整合性的体能练习”。（剩余11922字）