国家级海洋水产种质资源保护区建设现状及管理对策分析

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中图分类号：S937.0;P7 文献标志码：A 文章编号：105-9857（2025）01-0141-15

Abstract：Nationalmarineaquaticgermplasmresourceconservationareasplayanimportantrole inmaintainingbiodiversityandpromotingthehealthydevelopmentoffisheryeconomy.Inthis paper，thispapersortedoutthecurentconstructionstatusofnationalmarineaquaticgermplasmresourceconservationareas，andsystematicalyanalyzedthespatialandtemporaldistributionoftheconservationareas，themainprotectionobjects，andthespecialprotectionperiod. Theresultsshowthat，atpresent，Chinahasconstructed1 batchesof53nationalmarineaquatic germplasm resource conservation areas，covering 67 marine commerical species germplasmresources，ofwhich36areincludedinthe"ListofNationalKeyProtectedEconomic AquaticAnimalandPlantResources"（FirstBatch）（Revised）.Intermsofspatialdistribution， theaverageareaofconservationareasisrankedfromlaegetosmalasEastChinaSea，BoHai， SouthChinaSeaandYelow Sea，andtheoveralaverageareaofconservationis871，484.29 hm2 .Thespecialprotectionperiodoftheconservationareasismainlyfrom ApriltoJuly，but therearealso10conservationareasthatarespecialyprotectedthroughouttheyear.Inrecent years，thenumberandareaofnationalmarineaquaticgermplasmresourceconservationareas havebenincreasing，andtheprotectionobjectshavebenextended，butingeneral，thereare alsoisuessuchasalackofcordinationbetwentheconstructionofprotectedareasandeconomicandsocialdevelopment，theimbalanceofthetypesofprotectionobjects，insuficientmanagementduringspecialprotectionperiods，andthelawsandregulationsoftheconservation areasarenot erfect，theincreasin contradictionoftheseaarea，andtheinsuficienc ofthe comprehensive managementoftheconservation areas，and so on.In view ofthe above problems，thispaperputsforwardthesugestionsoffurtherbalancingthemainprotectionobjectswhileoptimizingtheconstructionofconservationareas，strengtheningthestandardizedcaabilitiesconstructionofmanaement，andimrovin thelawsandreulationsonthemanaementofconservationareas，cordinatingthedevelopmentofconservationareasandthemarine industry，andstandardisingthecomprehensivemanagementofconservationareas.

Keywords：Marineaquaticgermplasmresourceconservationareas，Fisheryresources，Statusanalysis，Managementcountermeasures

0 引言

近年来，受人类活动的影响，水生生物资源保护形势严峻，水生生态修复工作任务艰巨。（剩余22517字）