5种黄精属植物叶片的生理生化与显微、超微结构研究

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[中图分类号]R282.5 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2025.11.010

[Abstract]Oectieudateilogical，ocalosruuraldlsuctalactestic fromfivePolygonatumspecies.MethodsLeavesfromfivewidelycultivatedPolygonatumspecies（P.odoratum，P.sibiricum，P. cyrtonem，P.ingianum，andP.nanense）weresedasexperimentalaterials.Leafaterontent，corophyllontentubisO enzymeactivityweremeasured，andleafmicrostructuralandultrastructuralfeatureswereobservedResultsTheleafwaterontent of shade-cultivated P. sibiricum， P.cyrtonema， and P. kingianum （78%～81 % ）was significantly higher than that of non-shaded P. odoratum （ 73% ， P<0.01 ）.Shade-cultivated Polygonatum species showed higher total chlorophyll content （CT），chlorophylla （Ca）， andchlorophyllb（Cb）contentcomparedtonon-shadedP.odoratum.However，theCa/Cbratioof non-shadedP.odoratumwas higherthan thatofseveralshade-cultivatedPolygonatumspecies.P.kingianumexhibitedthe highestRubisCOactivity （413.78U/L）， whileno statistically significantdifference （P>0.05） wasobserved in RubisCo activitybetween shaded and non-shaded P.odoratum （294.54U/Land89.58Urespectively）MicrostructuralobservationrevealedthatnonshadedP.odoratumexhibitedthethickest leaves（248.77μm），with greater lengthandwidthofboth upperandlowerepidermalcelscompared toothershade-cultivated Polygonatum species.In contrast，P. kingianum showed the thinnest leaves 113.60μm ）andthe smallest lower epidermal cells （27.13 μm in length × 20.90 μm in width）. Ultrastructural analysis indicated that shade-cultivated P.odoratum contained chloroplasts with welldevelopedthylakoidsandregularlyshapedosmiophilicgranules，whereasnon-shadedP.odoratumdisplayeddegenerated thylakoidsdgedooliales.uireriniolcalcaloal andultrastructuralcharacteristicsamongthefivePolygonatumspecies.Field-grownP.odoratumposseses thickerleaves，larger epidermalcels，andahigherCa/Cbratio，whereasshade-cultivatedPolygonatumspeciesmaintainrelativelyhigherleafwater contentandchlorophyllcontentbutalowerCa/Cbratio.Thisstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsforevaluatingthephotosynthetic characteristics and environmental adaptability of Polygonatum species.

：ywords]Polygonatum;shade cultivation; physiological and biochemical characteristics;microstructure;ultrastru

黄精属（Polygonatum）是百合科（Liliaceae）重要的多年生草本资源，《中华人民共和国药典》中收载了4种黄精属药用植物，分别为：黄精（Polygona-tum sibiricum Red.）多花黄精（Polygonatum cyrtone-ma Hua）、滇黄精（Polygonatum kingianum Coll.etHemsl.）和玉竹[Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druce]，其肉质根茎为传统中药材，药食两用。（剩余10194字）