基于扎根理论探索标准化病人情景教学改革

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中图分类号：G642. 0 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-3181（2025）03-0422-06

Exploratory Analysis of Scenario-based Teaching Reform of Standardized Patients Based on Grounded Theory

YE Zijie，CAI Kaijun，CHEN Jinsong，JIANG Ziquan，SONG Yihan，SHI Chujun

Shantou University Medical College， Shantou ， China

Abstract： The widespread application of standardized patients （SP） in clinical medical skills education provides students with comprehensive and effective support in three areas including medical history collection， physical examination instruction， and cultivation of humanistic values. With ongoing innovation in medical education mode， the SP-based approach， a form of scenario-based teaching， represents a potential direction for educa⁃ tion reform. This study employs grounded theory methodology to conduct semi-structured interviews with students of Clinical Medicine， instructors of clinical skills course， and SPs participating in teaching at Shantou University Medical College， and finally acquires four core categories including “course evaluation”， “authenticity of SP performance”，“SP-related factors”and“differences between SP and non-SP teaching approaches”. Findings indicate broad recognition of the effectiveness of SP teaching. However， problems still persist， such as the need to improve the performance authenticity of SP， insufficient communication among students， instructors and SPs， and limited SP resources failing to meet student demands. The study suggests leveraging AI-enhanced teaching and model-based instruction to address the limitation of SP teach⁃ ing， refining SP training standards， and establishing a communication platform to provide insights for improv⁃ ing SP teaching mode and advancing medical education reform.

Keywords： Standardized patients; Simulation teaching; Medical education; Grounded theory; Semi-structured interview

标准化病人（Standardized Patients，SP）指经过标准化、系统化培训后，能准确模拟临床情景中患者问题的正常人，可同时兼任病人演员、教师、评估者3种身份，目前大量应用于临床医学教育，在病史采集教学、体格检查教学、人文精神培养三大方面为学生提供全面而有效的帮助［1⁃2］。（剩余9570字）