桑麻止咳方改善感染后咳嗽大鼠气道炎症和敏感性：基于TRPV1-SP/CGRP和细胞焦亡途径

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Abstract： ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic mechansm of Sangma Zhike Formula （SMZKF） for relieving cough sensitivityandairwayinflammationinrats withpostinfectiouscough （PIC）.MethodsMaleSDratmodelswereestablishedby cigaretesmokeexposure withintranasalLPSinstilationandcapsaicinaerosolinhalation.Fromday19followingthestartof PIC modeling，theratsreceiveddailytreatment withsaline （model group），low-，medium-，andhigh-doseSMZKF，and compound methoxyphenamine （ASM）via gavagefor10consecutivedays （n=8）.Theasessments included behavioralchanges， coughensitivity（atencyndfrequency）ungsopathologyinflmmatorycelountsandcyokine/mediatorlelste bronchoalveolarlavagefluid（BALF）oxidativestressmarkersinthelungtisse，andexpressionsofproteinsrelatedwith coughhypersensitivityandpyroptosis.ResultsTheratmodelsof PICexhibitedreducedmentalalertness，accelerated respiration，and pronouncedsymptomssuchasouging，snezing，andfacialscratching withsignificantlyshortenedcough latencyandincreased5-mincoughfrequency.Histopathologicalanalysisrevealedcollpsedalveolarstructures，thickened alveolarseptaandextensiveinflammatorycellinfiltrationinthebronchiandpebroncialgions，ccompanedbylevated bronchialand alveolar inflammationscoresof theratmodels.Inthe BALF，inflammatorycellcountsandthelevelsof L-1β， TNF- α， IL-6， COX-2， PGE-2，and TXA-2 were allmarkedly elevated，and the pulmonaryoxidative stress markers （ROSand MDA）and myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity were also significantly increased.The pulmonary expressions of cough hypersensitivity-relaed proteis （V1，SP，GRPnd）ad potois-ssoied mkers （-F-，，，cleavedcaspase-1，cleavedIL-1β，andGsDMD-N）were significantlyupregulated in the model group. SMZKF interventionssignificantlyamelioratedthesepathological changes in the rat models，and high-dose SMZKF produced a similar therapeutic efficacy to that ofASM. Conclusion SMZKF alleviates cough sensitivity and airwayinflammation in PIC rats possibly by inhibiting TRPV1-mediated SP/NK1R signaling and the NLRP3/ caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway.

Keywords：postinfectiouscough;Sangma ZhikeFormula; coughsensitivity;airwayinflammation;mechanism

感染后咳嗽（PIC）是上呼吸道感染后，感染本身急性期症状消失，胸部X线检查无异常，咳嗽仍然迁延不愈的一种常见呼吸系统疾病；临床主要表现为持续3～8周的刺激性干咳和咽部不适，或伴有少量白色黏液痰，通常由病毒、细菌、支原体等因素诱发1。（剩余16536字）