祁连山国家公园高寒沼泽湿地土壤肥力空间分异及其影响因素

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中图分类号：S158 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2026）04-1471-1

Abstract：To reveal thecharacteristics and spatialdiferentiation mechanisms of soil fertilityatdiffrentdegradationstages of alpine marsh wetlands，84 plots were selected in this study，including non-degraded，lightly degraded，and moderately degraded wetlands in Qilian Mountain National Park，Qinghai.An improved Nemerow index and principal component analysis were used to evaluate soil fertility，and the geographical detector model was employed to quantify the influence of environmental factors on its spatial heterogeneity. The results showed that soils at alldegradation stages were within the fertile level.The comprehensive fertility index was the highest in non-degraded wetlands （2.O3），slightly decreasing in lightly（1.87）and moderately degraded wetlands（1.83），with total nitrogen being identified as the main limiting factor. As degradation intensified， soil organic mater，cation exchange capacity，total nitrogen，and total phosphorus gradually decreased， whereas total potassium increased.Except for total potassium，all indicators declined with soil depth.Geographical detection revealed that mean annual precipitation （ q=0.741） ，altitude （ （q=0，403） ，and mean annual temperature （ q=0.402 ） were the dominant factors influencing the spatial differentiation of soil fertility. Among the multi-factor interactions，the combinations of mean annual precipitation and temperature （ q=0.897⟩ ，and temperature and NDVI（ q=0.870） showed the strongest explanatory power for the spatial pattern of soil fertility.These findings provide a theoretical basis for degradation diagnosisand ecological restoration of alpine marsh wetlands.

Key Words：Alpine marsh wetland; Soil fertility; Geographic detector; Spatial heterogeneity; Qilian Mountain National Park

高寒沼泽湿地主要分布于高海拔寒冷地区，是适应高寒气候、具有泥炭积累特征的重要湿地类型。（剩余22342字）