水磷限制对燕麦生长发育的影响及综合评价指标筛选

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中图分类号：S603.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2026）04-1335-12

Abstract：Drought and phosphorus deficiency are key factorslimiting oat （Auena satiua） production in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.In order to elucidate the effects of water and phosphorus stress on oat growth，identify the primary limiting factors，and screen for key indicators of oats’synergistic adaptation to water and phosphorus constraints. This study utilized 14 oat cultivars in pot experiments，with treatments including a control （CK）， low phosphorus stress （-P） ，drought stress （-w） ，and combined drought and low phosphorus stress （-W-P） . Additionally，this experiment measured 18 indicators，including agronomic traits， biomass，and phosphorus accumulation，among others.Results indicated that stress treatment significantly suppressed oat aboveground biomass and biomass of individual aboveground organs，spikelet number，grain per spike，and phosphorus accumulation at the O.O5 level.Moreover，the degree of inhibition is greater under combined stress than under single stress.Diferent indicators exhibited varying degrees of susceptibility to each factor，with wateravailability being the primary growth-limiting factor.Methods such as grey relational analysis and principal component analysis jointly identified grain biomass，aboveground biomass，spikelet number，grain per spike，belowground biomass，flag leaf area，and phosphorus accumulation in plants and grains as key indicators reflecting oats' tolerance to water and phosphorus stress.The findings of this study provide theoretical foundations and methodological guidance for the breeding and evaluationof drought-tolerantand low-phosphorus-tolerant oat cultivars on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Key words：Oats;Low phosphorus stress;Drought stress;Combined stress

燕麦（Avenasatiua）适应性强，具有抗旱、抗寒、耐贫瘠等优点[1-2]，对青藏高原环境适应性强，是目前已知生产力最高的高寒地区牧草[3]，其饲用价值高，对缓解冷季牧草短缺、保护生态环境和促进畜牧业可持续发展有重要作用。（剩余23235字）