北方荒漠草原区光伏电站建设对植物多样性的影响机制研究

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中图分类号：Q142.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2026）04-1137-09

Abstract： To investigate the long-term ecological impacts of photovoltaic （PV） power stations in desert steppe ecosystems，this study was conducted at the Lingwu PV facility in Ningxia，China. We compared plant communities and soil characteristics across diferent microhabitats within the solar arry over restoration periods of 1 and 5 years.The results indicated that the PV array created highly heterogeneous microhabitats by altering the distribution of light and heat，which significantly influenced the vegetation restoration process.A clear spatiotemporal diferentiation in community succession was observed. In the initial restoration stage，pioneer species such as Salsola ruthenica were dominant. After five years，the community gradually transitioned to a stable state dominated by perennial herbs，including Ceratoides latens. Notably，in the shaded areas under the PV panels，strong environmental filtering intensified competition among shade- and drought-tolerant species. This led to a significant decrease in plant diversity indices after five years，although species richness remained high. Structural equation modeling（SEM）revealed that the restoration period is the primary driver of community succesion.Microhabitat heterogeneity guides the direction of this successon by regulating soil resources，such as the availability of nitrogen and potassium.This study proposes an ecological restoration pathway for PV sites defined by“environmental filtering-resource competition-stability maintenance”，providing a scientific basis for the ecological restoration and sustainable management of PV power stations in arid regions.

Key words： Photovoltaic power plants; Plant diversity; Community succession; Microhabitat heterogeneity; Desert grassland

近年来，全球能源结构加速向低碳化转型，光伏产业作为新能源领域的核心驱动力，是实现深度脱碳、实现“双碳”自标的必然选择。（剩余15110字）