拉萨河流域湿地灌草层生态位与种间联结及群落稳定性研究

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中图分类号：S812 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-0435（2026）04-1363-13

Abstract：This study focused on the wetland ecosystem of the Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve in the Lhasa River Basin，systematically explores the niche characteristics，interspecific associations，and community stabilityof the dominant populations in the shrub layer and herb layer，analyzes the survival strategies，resource competition，and symbiotic relationships of dominantspecies in the alpine wetland environment，aimingto promote the positive associations betweendominant species and companion species and optimize the community structure；The results show that： the average value of theLevins index in theherb layer（7.97） is higher than that in the shrub layer（3.27），and the average valueof the Shannon index（2.O3）is also higher than that in the shrub layer （1.20），indicating that herbaceous plants have better breadth and uniformity of resource utilization.The niche overlap index shows that the average valuein theherb layer（O.22）is higherthan that in the shrub layer（0.18）， with more intense resource competition.The interspecific association analysis shows that the shrub-herb layer pres ents a positive association as a whole（all VR values are greater than 1）. The overall symbiosis of plants in the shrub layer is stronger than competition，while the resource competition among species in the herb layer is more intensethan thatin the shrub layer.The community stability model shows that the Euclidean distances between the shrub layer，the herb layer and the theoretical stable point （2O，8O）are 7.98and 22.77 respectively，and the herb layer is in an unstable state.The study suggests optimizing vegetation configuration by screening species with matching ecological habits to enhance community stability，soas to provide atheoretical basis for thevegetation management of the reserve and the protection of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau ecosystem.

Key words：Lhasa River Basin of wetlands;Shrub-herb layer; Niche characteristics; Interspecific association; Community stability

生态位宽度衡量了物种在资源利用上的广度与适应能力[1]、生态位重叠则反映物种间在资源利用上的相似程度，是竞争压力的重要指示指标、生态位分化程度越高，群落中物种竞争程度越低，稳定性也越高[3]。（剩余22615字）