黑龙江省中华秋沙鸭栖息地适宜性评价

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中图分类号：S864.1，Q958 文献标识码：A

文章编号：1001-9499（2025）05-0058-06

Habitat Suitability Evaluation Chinese Merganser in

CHENHongWANG Xiaoning JIANGHaiyuWANG Shuai**ZHULifu （Wildlife Research Institute ， Harbin ）

AbstractThis study focused on as the research area，collcting distribution data breeding and migratory stopover populations through line-transect surveys，and evaluating habitat suitability using the maximum entropy （MaxEnt） modeling method.The result showed that suitable habitats cover 2，489.46km2 ，accounting for 0.52% the total study area，primarily concentrated in Lesser Khinghan Mountains （specificaly the Yichun City's Bishui Chinese Merganser National Nature Reserve） and the Changbai Mountains' tributaries the Songhua River.Key driving factors included mixed coniferous-broadleaf forests，coniferous forests，grasslands，and annual average temperatures （2-3∘C⋅ .For migratory stopover habitats，suitable areas spanned 15，694.91km2 （ 3.32% the study area），mainly distributed along the Tangwang River in Lesser Khinghan Mountainsand the northern Changbai Mountains' river basins （Mudanjiang，Hailang River，Lalin River and Muling River）.Key drivers were river systems， coniferous forests，mixed coniferous-broadleaf forests，and maximum temperatures in the hotest month （18-26∘C ）.Considering habitat degradation （historical logging and agricultural encroachment） and spatial distribution patterns，this study proposes prioritized restoration riparian old-growth forests as nesting substrates，establishmentecological stepping stones to reconnect fragmented habitats，andenhancement hydrological connectivity inmigratorycorridors.

Key WordsChinese Merganser（Mergus squamatus）; habitat; MaxEnt; province

栖息地作为野生动物生存与繁衍的场所，为物种提供食物、水源等基础生存资源，是其完成生命周期各阶段行为的关键空间保障[1]。（剩余6253字）