1990—2021年全球AD及其他痴呆症的疾病负担及其与社会经济因素的关联

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[中图分类号]R745.7；R197.1 ［文献标志码］A [文章编号] 2096-5532（2025）04-0489-08

doi：10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2025.61.114

[Abstract]ObjectiveToasessthe global burden of Alzheimer’s disease（AD）and otherdementias from 1990 to 2021， andtoinvestigateitsasociationwithsocioeconomicfactors.MethodsDatawereobtainedfromtheGlobalBurdenofDiseasedatabase（199o—2021）.Age-standardized incidencerate（ASIR），age-standardized mortalityrate（ASMR），and age-standardized disabilityrate（ASDR）wereused to evaluate the global burdenof ADand otherdementias.Cubic spline regresionand Spearman correlationanalyses wereusedtoexploretheassociationsbetweetheburdenofADandotherdementiasandthesoci-demographic index（SDI）and grossdomesticproductpercapita.Theestimatedannual percentagechange（EAPC）was calculated toassesstmporaltrends acrossregionsandSDIlevels.ResultsFrom1990to2021，the globalburdenofADandotherdementias ncreased substantially，withpronoucedregionaldisparities.In2O21，thehighestincidenceofADandotherdementias wasobserved inregions with a medium-high SDI，and ASIR was positively correlated with SDI ⟨ρ=0.3843，P<0.001⟩ .ASIR increased in regions with a medium-high SDI （EAPC =0.22% ）and those with a medium SDI（EAPC =0.09% ）. The highest ASMR in 2021 was found in regions with a medium-high SDI （26.42 per 10o o0o）.While ASMR declined in high-SDI regions（EAPC =-0.12% ），itrose most significantly in low-SDI regions （EAPC =0.45% . The highest ASDR was reported in the regions with medium-high and high SDI（481.71and 460.75per 10o oo0，respectively），and the greatest increaseinASDR ocurred inlow-SDI regions （ EAPC= （20 0.24%） .ConclusionThe global burden of ADand other dementias varies significantly acros regions with diferent socioeconomicdevelopmentlevelsandissingapidlyindevelopingountries.InlightofChina’snationalcontext，itisimperativeto strengthen primary healthcare，optimize long-term care systems， and reduce the socioeconomic burden of AD and other dementias.

[Keywords]Alzheimer disease;global burden of disease；socioeconomic factors；gross domestic product

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是以进行性认知衰退为特征的神经退行性疾病，随着全球人口老龄化加剧，AD的患病率和致残率持续上升，已成为继脑卒中之后导致死亡的第二大神经系统疾病，也是全球主要致残原因之一[1-2]。（剩余11203字）