环境RNA在水生态学中的研究进展

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-6755.2025.11.012

关键词：环境RNA（environmentalRibonucleicAcid，eRNA）;水生态；监测评估 中图分类号：X832；Q932.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004—6755（2025）11—0046—04

Research progress of environmental RNA in water ecology

WANG ΔYu1 ，ZHANG Shouqing²，ZHANG Yang，XU Xiaoful，GU Dexian1，YAO Hongwei' [1.Fisheries Resources Department，Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute，Tianjin Marine Ranch Technology

Engineering Center，Tianjin300457，China；2.BlueOcean Testing（Tianjin）TechnologyCo.，Ltd.，Tianjin 300457，China； 3.NationalMaritimeMuseum，Tianjin3ool7l，China]

Abstract：To investigate the current applications and existing challenges of environmental RNA （eRNA） in various aspects of aquatic science，and to provide a foundation and reference for practical implementation，this study analyzes and synthesizes relevant research to outline the key themes of eRNA investigations and summarizes the progressin eRNA research within aquatic ecology. The findings indicate that eRNA can be integrated with environmental genomics for applications in biodiversity assessment，early warning of pathogen infections，ecological function evaluation，monitoring of rare and invasive species， and environmental toxicology， among other aquatic ecological research areas. However，due to the influence of multiple factors，eRNA exhibits instability and interchangeability in aquatic environments. Future efforts should focus on further refining fundamental eRNA research， applied technical methods， platforms，and equipment in the field of aquatic ecology.

Key words：environmental Ribonucleic Acid（eRNA）； research progress;water ecology

环境RNA（environmental Ribonucleic Acid，eRNA）是生物体向周围环境介质（水陆空等）释放的RNA，包括各种功能的RNA，如微小RNA（microRNA）、信使RNA（messengerRNA，mRNA）、转运RNA（transferRNA，tRNA）和核糖体RNA（ribosomalRNA，rRNA）。（剩余7228字）