负有照护职责人员性侵罪的法益界定与出罪机制

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【中图分类号】D924.34 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-7009（2025)05-0103-07

LegalInterestDefinitionandExoneration Mechanism of Crime of Sexual Assault by Caregivers

ZHANG Jiu-long

(School ofLaw，ShandongUniversity，Qingdao ，China)

Abstract:The CriminalLaw Amendment（XI） introduces the crime of sexual assault bycaregivers’responsibilities. Based onthe“modified theoryofsexualautonomy,”this crime should beunderstoodas protectingacompositelegal interest：thecorelegalinterestisthesexualautonomyofunderagefemales，whiletheir physicalandmentalhealthservesasan accompanying protected interest.The crime maintains a mutualy exclusive relationshipwith rape within the sexual offensesystem，where the former involves the degradation of sexual autonomy through coercive influence stemming from theabuseofadominant position，whilethe later entails complete deprivationofsexualautonomyvia explicitcoercion. Theestablishmentofthiscrime requiressimultaneous fulfillmentofdual elements：theformalrequirementsof specific caregiving status and the substantive causal relationshiparising from the abuse of dominant position leading to sexual acts.Inthedoctrinal constructionof exoneration mechanisms，it necesitatesprecise definitionof temporal boundaries through durational elementsof caregiving responsibilities，restrictionof subject identificationstandards viathe normative protective purpose theory，implementation of a substantive review framework for“coercive influence”to mitigate the risks of factual presumptions，and incorporation of the reasonable reliance defense mechanism for age-related misapprehensions into the culpability negation system.

Key words:Crime of Sexual Assault by caregiver；modified sexual autonomy; implicit coercion

一、问题之提出

经媒体披露的未成年人性侵案件达202宗，同时此类犯罪存在明显的熟人作案特征，熟人作案比例攀升至 84.83% ，其中教育从业者（含教师、教练及教辅人员）作为加害主体的案件占比持续居首，法定监护人实施性侵行为的案件占比也高达

近年司法统计数据显示，针对未成年人的性侵害犯罪呈现持续高发态势。（剩余12038字）