伊丽莎白·毕晓普的博物学式观察诗学

[中图分类号] I106 [文献标识码] A [文献编号] 中 1002-2643（2025）04-0105-09

Elizabeth Bishop's Poetics of Observation Featured with Natural History

HUANG Xiaoping ZHANG Yuejun （School of Foreign Studies，Guangxi Minzu University，Nanning 530006，China）

Abstract： Elizabeth Bishop’s poetry was deeply influenced by the natural history in England. Bishop studied Charles Darwin’s works for long，and her poetic conception of “Useless Concentration”fitted into Darwin’s natural writing featured with rational observation and perceptual lyricism，as well as the thought of Aestheticism and American Pragmatism. “Useless”means to observe and present nature with a pure heart， complying with the aesthetic idea of uselessness and de-utilitarianism. “Concentration” denotes an accurate portrayal of the object and restoration of the“technique of things”，stressing on experiential shaping of the object，logically folowing the material-centered thinking.“Useless Concentration”is a manifestation of Bishop’s respect and love for the original form of the object and a reflection for her sense of misson to handle the relationship between human and nature.

Key words： Elizabeth Bishop； poetics of observation；natural history； “ Useless Concentration”; Aestheticism；Pragmatism

1.毕晓普的观察诗学

在西方思想界，观察诗学最早可追溯至柏拉图、亚里士多德时代。（剩余11208字）