“课课讲”与“适时讲”：新课标下“应知应懂应教” 体育与健康知识原理的教学策略

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关键词：体育与健康知识原理；体育新课标；应知应懂应教；课课讲；适时讲中图分类号：G807 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1004-0560（2025）06-0009-07DOI：10.12163/j. ssu. 20250951

"Every-Lesson Instruction" and “ Just-in-Time Instruction" ：Instructional Strategies for “ Must-Know，Must-Understand and Must-Teach" Knowledge Principles of Physical Education and Health Under the New Curriculum Standards

MAO Zhenming' ，CHEN Shuai² ，TAO Tao³，FAN Tingting4 ，LIU Dongqi5 . School of Kinesiology and Physical Education，Zhengzhou University，Zhengzhou 45ooo1，Henan，China; 2. School of Physical Education，Northeast Normal University，Changchun 130O24，Jilin，China; 3. School of Physical Education，Huzhou University，Huzhou 313oo0，Zhejiang，China; 4. School of Physical Education，Liaoning Normal University ，Dalian 116029，Liaoning，China; 5.Department of General Education，China University of Labor Relations，Beijing 10oo48，China）

Abstract：Systematicand effective instructionof knowledgeprinciples inphysicaleducationand health is essential for implementing Compulsory Education PhysicalEducationand Health Curriculum Standards（2O22 Edition）.TakingLevel Three of the new standardsasan example，the detailed textual analysisreveals that this level requires masteryof approximately1O7 groupsof knowledgeprinciples，covering widerangeof domains.Considering that physicaleducation classesfocusprimarilyonphysical activitiesandhave limited instructional time，thisstudyclarifiestheconceptual definitionand types of these knowledge principles，proposes a thre-dimensional selection basis（“must-know，mustunderstand and must-teach"），andcategorizes them into seven types suitable forclasroom teaching.Based oncognitive load，situatedcognition，embodiedcognitionandconstructivismtheory，thestudyproposestheinstructional strategiesof “every-lesson instruction”and“just-in-time instruction”，outlining practicalmethodsandoperational keypoints forsix criticallessonpases：lesonintroduction，preparationactivities，skillpractice，problem handling，classmmaryandutofclassextension.Thisstudyprovides theoreticalsupportandpractical pathwaysforprecise，systematicandefficient instruction of knowledge principles in physical education and health within primary and secondary schools.

Keywords： knowledgeprinciplesof physical education and health;new physical education and health curriculum standards ;must-know，must-understand and must-teach;every-lesson instruction;just-in-time instruction

体育与健康课程以身体练习为基本形式，以培养学生运动技能和体能为核心目标，但系统传授体育与健康知识原理同样不可或缺。（剩余12144字）