巨噬细胞极化在周围神经再生中的研究进展

DOI：10.16424/j.cnki.cn32-1807/r.2025.05.016

中图分类号]R745 [文献标志码]A [文章编号] 1674-7887（2025）05-0482-05

Research progress on macrophage polarization in peripheral nervous regeneration*

GAO Zizhenl**，YAO Xiaomin2，ZHOU Yuxiang2，ZHANG Chi’，GONGLeilei²，YANG Pengxiang 2*** ，JIE Jing*** （1Medical SchoolofNantong UniversityJiangsu 226Ool;KeyLaboratoryofNeuroregenerationofJiangsuProvinceandMinistryofEducation，Nantong University;3Departmentof ClinicalLaboratory，AffiliatedHospital2of Nantong University）

[Abstract]Macrophagespolarizeinto M1 macrophagesand M2 macrophagesunder the stimulationof microenvironmental signals.Follwing peripheral nerve injury，M1macrophagesplayrolesintheearlyinflammatoryclearancewhileM2 macrophages participate intisserepair processs respectively.Macrophage polarization influences axonalregeneration，vascularangiogenesis，andthe expresionofneurotrophic factorsafterperipheralnerve injury.M1 macrophages initiate the regenerationprocessbyclearingcellulardebris attheinjurysiteandsecreting pro-inflammatoryfactors， while M2 macrophages promoteaxonalregeneration，angiogenesis，andShwanncellproliferationbysecretinganti-inflammatoryfactorsandneurotrophicfactors.Thisarticleexploresthemolecularmechanismsof macrophagepolarizationanditspotentialapplicationsin thetreatmentofperipheralnerveinjuries，providingatheoreticalbasisforfutureimmunetherapystrategiesbasedon macrophage polarization.

[Key words]macrophage polarization; peripheral nerve injury;M1/M2 phenotype; immune regulation; nerve repair

周围神经损伤（peripheral nerve injury，PNI）是临床上常见的创伤性疾病，严重的神经损伤极大影响了患者生活质量，甚至导致患侧肢体感觉障碍和运动失能。（剩余9977字）