基于分段补偿的超声波时差法测流模型

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中图分类号：TP391 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2096-4706（2026）06-0142-08

Flow Measurement Model Based on Ultrasonic Time Difference Method with Segmented Compensation

LIUMingtang'，MIAO Jiahao¹，LI Shihao²，WU Shanshan³，LEI Shuo' （1.CollegeoflectricalEngieering，NorthinaUniversityofateresourcsadElectricower，Zengou4o，i; 2.College ofIfoatioEnginering （CegeoSoftware），NorthhnaUivesityofWaterResourcesandElectricowe，Zgzou 450046，China;3.Xi'anSignalandCommunicationSection，ChinaRalwayXianBureau GroupCo.，Ltd.，Xi'an，China）

Abstract： The ultrasonic time diference method is widely used in velocity measurement in rivers and open channel hydraulic projects becauseofitsfastresponse，simple structureand highmeasurementaccuracy.However，the propagationof ultrasonicwavesinwateriseasilyaffectedbysensorcharacteristicsandenvironmentalconditions，whichreduces measurement accuracy.This paper designs and builds anultrasonic time diference method measurement system based ona high-speed oscillscopeundercontrolledconditions，anddiscusses theinfuencesofparameterssuchasultrasonicfrequencyamplitude， and probe spacing onmeasurement accuracythrough multi-factor analysis.Further experimentalresearch is conducted on water sedimentconcentrationand temperature，andtheresults showthatboth factors presentalinearrelationshipwiththemeasured velocity.Under the condition that other factors arecontrolledto be stable，theflowvelocity measured byultrasonic time difference methodshowsasignificant linearcoelation withtheresultobtainedbythecurrent meter.Byadopting thesegmented compensation method to correct sediment concentration， the mean relative error is reduced from 20.57% to 7.85% ，and the mean absolute error is reduced from 0.0998m/s to 0.038lm/s ，which significantly improves the accuracy and feasibility of velocity measurement using the ultrasonic time difference method under sediment-laden flow conditions.

Keywords： ultrasonic timediference method;velocity measurement; high-speed oscilloscope;multi-factoranalysis; segmented compensation

0 引言

流速测量是水情监测与预报、水动力学研究、防洪工程设计以及生态环境评估等工作的重要基础环节[。（剩余9035字）