冷藏与修剪调控枣和毛叶枣花期的效应研究

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文章编号：2096-8108（2026）03-0039-05

中图分类号：S665.1

文献标识码：A

Effects of Cold Storage and Pruning on Flowering Regulation of Chinese Jujube and Indian Jujube

YANG Fan 1 ， HUANG Jianqing 1 ， LIU Mengjun 2 ， WANG Jiurui 1*

（1. College of Forestry， Hebei Agricultural University， Baoding Hebei ， China;

2. Research Center of Chinese Jujube， Hebei Agricultural University， Baoding Hebei ， China）

Abstract： 【Objective】To investigate the effects of cold storage and pruning treatments on the phenological period of Chinese jujube （Ziziphus jujuba Mill.） and Indian jujube （Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.）， achieve synchronous flowering between the two species， and lay a foundation for subsequent interspecific hybridization. 【Methods】Chinese jujube （'Yueguang' and 'Yuhong'） seedlings were subjected to low-temperature cold storage for different durations （14 weeks， 26 weeks， 32 weeks）， followed by pruning. For Indian jujube （'Taiwan Green Jujube'， 'Daqingsi'， etc.）， treatments included planting in different months and severe pruning. The phenology of seedlings under different treatments was observed， and differences in flowering time and pollen viability were compared. 【Results】After 14 weeks of cold storage， the flowering of Chinese jujube was postponed to July 25-August 7， approximately two months later than the natural period， with the duration from budding to flowering significantly shortened. Extending storage to 26 or 32 weeks exceeded tolerance limits， resulting in no flowering or budding. Trunk heading-back pruning after 14-week storage further delayed phenology to August 1-August 15. For Indian jujube， planting in a greenhouse in early March led to flowering in early August， synchronizing with cold-stored Chinese jujube. Severe pruning of two-year-old Indian jujube plants induced flowering in May when pruned in March， and in mid-September when pruned in May， achieving biannual flowering. 【Conclusion】The combination of "artificial cold storage + trunk heading-back pruning" effectively delayed flowering in Chinese jujube， achieving synchronization with Indian jujube planted in a greenhouse in early March by early August. Pruning two-year-old Indian jujube in early March synchronized its flowering with open-field cultivated Chinese jujube by late May.

Key words： Chinese jujube; Indian jujube; cold storage; pruning; flowering regulation

枣（Ziziphus jujuba Mill.）和毛叶枣（Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.）是枣属植物中最具经济价值的两个品种，二者在抗逆性、果实品质、生态适应性上具有显著性状互补性 [1-2] 。（剩余7044字）