不同田面水深与氮素运筹处理对水稻产量及生理特性的影响

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中图分类号：S511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4440（2025）09-1740-11

Abstract： Appropriate management of paddy water depth is critical for ensuring normal rice growth. This study investigated the effects of field water levels and nitrogen management regimes on rice growth traits，physiological metabolism，and yield byimplementingdifferentnitrogen applicationregimes andwaterdepth treatments. Two nitrogen management strategies were applied：a conventional

fertilizationpattern（FFP），withbasal fertilizer（urea）：tilleringfertilizer ；anda controlled-release basal fertilization pattern（CRBF），with basal fertilizer（controlled-release urea）：tillering fertilizer （urea）=7：3 Duringthetillring stage，water depths were maintained at5-7cm（W1）and9-11 cm（W2）.During the booting stage， depths were maintained at 9-11 cm（W3）and 14-16 cm（W4）.The results indicated that the activities of peroxidase （POD）， ，superoxide dismutase （ soD ），and catalase（CAT），as well as malondialdehyde（MDA）content in rice leaves， generally increased with increasing water depth.Incontrast，tillr number and relative chlorophyllcontent（ SPAD value） decreased，whileplantheightincreased.Thesephysiologicalandmorphologicalchangesultimatelyledtooverallreductions inthenumberofeffective panicles，grainsperpanicle，seed-setingrate，Oo-grain weight，andactual grainyield.Under the same waterdepth and managementduration，compared with FFP，the CRBFregime suppressed the excesive activation of CAT and SOD and enhanced PD activityduring the tillering stage.At the booting stage，CRBF reduced the activities of （2 CAT ， SOD ，and ，thus optimizing the reactive oxygen species （ROS） scavenging mechanism，lowering MDA content， and consequently increasing tiller number and SPAD value.In terms of yield，CRBF significantly enhanced grain production by increasing the1OO-grain weight.Inconclusion，the CRBFnitrogen managementmodeeffectivelymitigatestheadverse effects of waterlogging stress and alleviates flood damage in rice.

Key Words：rice；field water level management；nitrogen management；physiological indicators；yield

水稻在中国的粮食生产中占据核心位置，其种植技术一直处于世界领先地位，并在高产、提效、优质等方面取得了显著成就[1-2]。（剩余14267字）