有机肥与无机肥配施 + 生石灰对酸性土壤改良及水稻产量提升的机制

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中图分类号：S156.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4440（2025）09-1729-11

Abstract：Toclarifythesynergisticefectofcombinedapplicationoforganicfertilizerandinorganicfertilizerwith quicklimeonacidicsoil improvementandriceyield，afieldexperiment wasconductedinGuangdong with fivetreatments： conventional fertilization（CF），conventional fertilization + quicklime（CFL），combined application of organic fertilizer an inorganic fertilizer（organicfertilizerreplacing 25% （20 chemical nitrogen fertilizer，CFO），combinedapplicationof organic and inorganic fertilizerswith quicklime（CFOL）， andno fertilizerapplication（control，CK），duringearly rice and late rice growing seasons.The effects of different fertilizer treatments on rice yield and soil physical and chemical indexeswereanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatthe yield of late rice in CFO and CFOL treatments was signifi

cantly higher than thatin CFand CFL treatments.The yield of late rice in CFOL treatment was 17.4% higher than that in CF treatment，andtheeffectwasbeter.ComparedwithCKandCFtreatments，CFLandCFOLtreatmentssignificantlyreduced soil exchangeable acid content and exchangeable aluminum content，and significantly increased soil pH and exchangeable base ioncontent.Comparedwith CFLtreatment，CFOL treatmentcouldreduce thecontentof inorganicallyadsorbedaluminumin thesoilafterearlyrice harvest，and increasethecontentoforganicallyboundaluminumandcation exchangecapacity.Compared with CFOtreatment，thesoil available ironcontent afterearlyriceharvestandlaterice harvest in CFOLtreatment decreased by 34.7% and 20.8% ，respectively.In summary，the combinedapplication of organic and inorganic fertilizers with quicklimecanreducetheactivityof aluminumions inacidicsoilandpromotethe maintenanceof goodcation exchangeperformanceofsoil，whichisconducivetoimprovingsoilcomprehensivefertilityandcropyield.Itisaneffectivemeasurefor acidic soil improvement in South China.

Keywords： acidic soils；amelioration；organic fertilizers；quicklime；rice

目前，中国pH值小于5.5的强酸化土壤面积达1.95×107hm2 ，较20世纪80年代增长了 72%[1-2] 强酸化土壤主要分布于中国南方红壤区和东北黑土区，其中南方地区占比高、酸化程度重[3]。（剩余15021字）