从伦理本体到制度建构：法官“道德高尚”的三重进路探析

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中图分类号］D926 [文献标识码］A [文章编号]1008-1763（2025）06-0123-09

From Ethical Ontology to Institutional Construction ： An Analysis of the Threefold Approach to Judges ' "High Moral Character"

LIU Dahai （China-Asean Legal Research Center，Southwest Universityof Political Science and Law，Chongqing40l12o，China）

Abstract：As the core concept of judicial professional ethics，“high moral character”embodies the value expectations of modern judicial systems regarding judges’ personal integrity，professional conduct，and public responsibility. Although a normative system of judicial ethics centered on“high moral character” has not yet been formally established within the People's Courts of China，the development of rule of law in the new era and the advancing process of economic globalization have laid a historic and societal foundation for shaping the moral authority of Chinese judges. From an ontological perspective，the“high moral character”of judges is internalized as individual moral cultivation and externalized as institutionalized ethical requirements.From an epistemological perspective，it functions as a normative evaluative standard，providing a value-based foundation for assessing the legitimacy and propriety of judicial conduct. From a methodological perspective，“high moral character”is recognized as a fundamental principle of judicial professional ethics，which necessitates the codification of such a principle through improvements to the JudgesLaw. Under the guidance of this principle，a systematic and operational ethical framework that reflects the normative meaning of“high moral character”should be gradually established.

Key words： judicial professional ethics;judicial conduct； independence；impartiality; high moral character

一 引言

1 法官职业伦理之本体论

基于哲学、伦理学与法理学的交叉视角，法官“道德高尚"的理论基础可追溯至德性伦理、义务伦理、功利主义、正义论及社会契约论等多个学说。（剩余13491字）